Infection Control Principles & Practices
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Infection Control Principles & Practices

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Which of the following is a mechanical process?

  • Cleaning (correct)
  • Sanitizing
  • Disinfecting
  • Sterilizing

    • OSHA agreed to comply with which system in 2012?

  • Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (correct)
  • Environmental Protection Agency System
  • National Fire Protection Association System
  • Occupational Safety and Health Administration System

    • Manufacturers supply a(n) ________ for all chemical products manufactured and sold.

    SDS

    Which item is included in the 'Identification' section of the MSDS?

    <p>Restrictions on product use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    OSHA and state regulatory agencies require that SDSs be _________.

    <p>kept available in the salon for all products used in the salon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Chemical products that destroy all bacteria, fungi, and viruses (but not spores) on surfaces are known as _________.

    <p>sterilizers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which agency is responsible for disinfecting agents as being effective enough to be used in a hospital setting?

    <p>EPA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    State regulatory agencies ___________.

    <p>create the rules that determine how laws are applied</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action is best defined as removing all visible dirt and debris from tools, implements, and equipment?

    <p>Cleaning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One-celled microorganisms with both plant and animal characteristics are known as ________.

    <p>bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Nonpathogenic bacteria are __________.

    <p>harmless</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Round-shaped bacteria are called ________.

    <p>cocci</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Short, rod-shaped bacteria are called ________.

    <p>bacilli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria are called _________.

    <p>spirilla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The type of bacteria that rarely shows any active motility is known as _______.

    <p>cocci</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bacteria generally consist of an outer cell wall containing a liquid called ________.

    <p>protoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Together, the active stage and inactive, or spore-forming, stage of bacteria are referred to as the ________.

    <p>life cycle of bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Inflammation is characterized by which of the following?

    <p>Swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A sign of a bacterial infection is the presence of __________.

    <p>pus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A pimple or an abscess is an example of a _______.

    <p>local infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) initially appears as a _______.

    <p>skin infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A disease that is transmitted from one person to another is called _______.

    <p>communicable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Disease-causing microorganisms that are carried in the body by blood or body fluids are called ________.

    <p>bloodborne pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is bloodborne and can cause liver damage?

    <p>Hepatitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes _______.

    <p>AIDS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Single-celled organisms such as molds, mildews, and yeasts are _________.

    <p>fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms are called ________.

    <p>toxins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The most frequently encountered infection on the foot resulting from nail services is _________.

    <p>tinea pedis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The body's first line of defense against infection is ________.

    <p>healthy, uncompromised skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Organisms that grow, feed, and find shelter on or in a host organism are called _________.

    <p>parasites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contagious skin disease that is caused by the itch mite?

    <p>Scabies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of immunity does the body develop after overcoming a disease or through inoculations?

    <p>Acquired immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores?

    <p>Sterilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action is an acceptable way to clean tools or instruments?

    <p>Washing with soap and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other normally harmless substances is a(n) ________.

    <p>allergy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The term describing the effectiveness with which a disinfecting solution kills germs when used according to the label instructions is ________.

    <p>efficacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Phenolic disinfectants are known carcinogens.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sodium hypochlorite is the chemical name for ________.

    <p>bleach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which item would be described as multi-use?

    <p>Nippers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Single-use items that do not have the capacity to be disinfected after each client use must be ______.

    <p>discarded</p> Signup and view all the answers

    UV sanitizers do not disinfect nor do they sterilize.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which foot spa has come under scrutiny because disease-causing microorganisms tend to grow inside it?

    <p>Whirlpool foot spa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which substances work to break down stubborn films and remove the residue of pedicure products such as scrubs, salts, and masks?

    <p>Chelating soaps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Chemical germicides formulated for use on skin, and registered and regulated by the FDA are called __________.

    <p>antiseptics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Waterless hand sanitizers can be used AFTER soap and water, but cannot be substituted for soap and water.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Standard Precautions published by the _______ require that all human blood and body fluids are potentially infectious.

    <p>CDC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Specialized clothing or equipment worn by an employee for protection against a hazard is called _________.

    <p>personal protective equipment (PPE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When hand washing, it is important to rub hands together for a minimum of how long?

    <p>20 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scenario is an example of an exposure incident?

    <p>A cosmetologist cuts herself while providing a service to a client.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If an exposure incident should occur, all disposable contaminated objects should be ______.

    <p>placed in a plastic bag which is then placed in a closed trash container with a liner bag</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Infection Control: Principles & Practices

    • Mechanical Process: Cleaning is identified as a mechanical process essential in removing dirt and debris.

    • Chemical Safety Standard: In 2012, OSHA agreed to comply with the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals, enhancing global chemical safety.

    • Safety Data Sheets (SDS): As of June 2015, all manufacturers are legally required to supply an SDS for chemical products to ensure safe usage.

    • MSDS Identification Section: The "Identification" section of the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) includes restrictions on product use.

    • Availability of SDSs: OSHA mandates that SDSs must be accessible in salons for all products utilized to ensure safety.

    • Sterilizers Definition: Chemical products able to destroy bacteria, fungi, and viruses (except spores) are classified as sterilizers.

    • EPA's Role: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for evaluating disinfecting agents for hospital efficacy, particularly for cleaning blood and body fluids.

    • State Regulatory Agencies: These agencies establish rules that dictate the implementation of laws.

    • Cleaning Definition: The action of removing visible dirt and debris from tools using soap and water is termed cleaning.

    • Bacteria Characteristics: One-celled microorganisms that exhibit both plant and animal traits are known as bacteria, which vary in shape.

    • Nonpathogenic Bacteria: This type of bacteria is considered harmless and can be beneficial.

    • Bacterial Shapes:

      • Round-shaped: Cocci
      • Rod-shaped: Bacilli
      • Spiral-shaped: Spirilla

    • Bacterial Life Cycle: The active and spore-forming stages of bacteria comprise the life cycle of bacteria.

    • Signs of Infection: Inflammation is characterized by swelling, while pus indicates a bacterial infection.

    • Types of Infections:

      • Local infections are represented by instances such as pimples or abscesses.
      • Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) typically manifests as a skin infection.

    • Communicable Diseases: Diseases that can be transmitted between individuals are labeled communicable.

    • Bloodborne Pathogens: Microorganisms transported through blood and body fluids are termed bloodborne pathogens, with hepatitis being a significant bloodborne disease.

    • Immunity Types: Acquired immunity is developed after recovering from a disease or through vaccinations.

    • Sterilization Process: This process effectively eliminates all microbial life, encompassing spores.

    • Tool Cleaning Methods: An acceptable method for cleaning tools or instruments involves washing with soap and water.

    • Allergies Definition: Reactions resulting from extreme sensitivity to typically harmless substances are classified as allergies.

    • Efficacy of Disinfectants: The term efficacy refers to how effectively a disinfecting solution kills germs when following label instructions.

    • Hazards of Phenolic Disinfectants: These disinfectants are classified as known carcinogens.

    • Sodium Hypochlorite: Commonly recognized as bleach, sodium hypochlorite is a widely used disinfectant.

    • Multi-use vs. Single-use Items: Items like nippers are classified as multi-use, while single-use items must be discarded after client contact.

    • UV Sanitizers: Despite their name, UV sanitizers do not provide disinfection or sterilization.

    • Foot Spa Concerns: Whirlpool foot spas are scrutinized due to their potential to harbor disease-causing microorganisms.

    • Chelating Soaps: These soaps effectively break down stubborn residues from toenail care products.

    • Antiseptics: These chemical germicides, regulated by the FDA, are formulated for safe use on skin.

    • Waterless Hand Sanitizers: These may be used after traditional handwashing but should not replace soap and water cleaning.

    • Standard Precautions: Guidelines from the CDC require both employers and employees to consider all human blood and fluids as potentially infectious.

    • Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Specialized clothing or gear used for protection against hazards is referred to as PPE.

    • Handwashing Duration: For effective hand hygiene, it is essential to rub hands together for at least 20 seconds.

    • Exposure Incident Example: Cutting oneself during client service is an example of an exposure incident.

    • Contaminated Object Disposal: Following an exposure incident, all disposable contaminated materials should be sealed in a plastic bag and disposed of in a closed trash container with a liner.

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    Description

    This quiz covers key principles and practices of infection control, focusing on the mechanical cleaning process, safety standards for chemicals, and the importance of Safety Data Sheets (SDS). It also examines the roles of OSHA and EPA in maintaining safety protocols for chemical products in various environments. Test your knowledge on these crucial aspects of infection control.

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