Infection Control: Reservoirs and Chain of Infection

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What is the most common source of infection for others and for themselves?

People (correct)

Medical equipment

Food and water

Plants and animals

What is the first step in the chain of infection?

Reservoir (correct)

Portal of entry

Method of transmission

Portal of exit

What is the maximum distance for droplet spread to occur?

3 m (9 ft)

2 m (6 ft)

1 m (3 ft) (correct)

0.5 m (1.5 ft)

What is an example of a vector-borne transmission?

Flying or crawling insects Signup and view all the answers

What remains in the air for long periods and can transmit infection?

Droplet nuclei Signup and view all the answers

What type of transmission involves an intermediate means to transport and introduce an infectious agent?

Vehicle-borne transmission Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the skin in preventing infection?

To provide a barrier against infectious agents Signup and view all the answers

What type of host is an individual with impaired natural defenses?

Compromised host Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the anatomic and physiologic barriers of the body?

To prevent the entry of microorganisms Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the nasal passages in preventing infection?

To trap microorganisms and foreign materials Signup and view all the answers

Why is the skin slightly acidic?

To inhibit bacterial growth Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of resident bacteria on the skin?

To prevent the growth of other bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What is a common source of infection for compromised clients?

Healthcare personnel's contaminated hands Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of wearing gloves in isolation practices?

To protect the nurse's hands from bodily substances Signup and view all the answers

When is a sterile gown typically indicated in isolation practices?

When changing the dressings of a client with extensive wounds Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of wearing face masks in isolation practices?

To reduce the risk of transmission of microorganisms by the droplet contact and airborne routes Signup and view all the answers

What is the single-use gown technique used for in isolation practices?

To use a gown only once before it is discarded or laundered Signup and view all the answers

What type of gowns are worn during procedures when the nurse's uniform is likely to become soiled?

Clean or disposable impervious gowns Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of an object that is considered sterile?

It is free of all microorganisms Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of establishing a sterile field?

To place sterile supplies on it Signup and view all the answers

Which method of applying sterile gloves is typically used outside the operating room?

Open Method Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using Nitrile Gloves?

They are more flexible and allow for freedom of movement Signup and view all the answers

When should Vinyl Gloves be used?

When tasks require minimal precision and minimal risk of exposure to pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for wearing sterile gloves during certain procedures?

To prevent clients at risk from becoming infected by microorganisms Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)?

To publish and enforce regulations to protect healthcare workers from occupational injuries Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)?

To investigate potentially hazardous working conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is an occupational exposure, according to the text?

Skin, eye, mucous membrane, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Infection Prevention Nurse?

To be knowledgeable about the latest research and practices in preventing, detecting, and treating infections Signup and view all the answers

What ban did the FDA impose in January 2017?

Ban on powder in surgical and examination gloves Signup and view all the answers

What is required to be made available to all employees by healthcare employers?

The HBV vaccine and vaccination series Signup and view all the answers