Infection Control Chapter 5 Flashcards
40 Questions
100 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What are bacteria?

  • Multi-celled organisms.
  • Only harmful microorganisms.
  • One-celled microorganisms with both plant and animal characteristics. (correct)
  • Viruses that invade living cells.

    • Which of the following describes non-pathogenic bacteria?

  • Bacteria that are harmful.
  • Bacteria that cause diseases.
  • Bacteria that decompose organic matter. (correct)
  • Bacteria that require living matter for growth.

    • What are saprophytes?

    A type of non-pathogenic bacteria that lives on dead matter.

    Define pathogenic bacteria.

    <p>Bacteria that are harmful and cause disease when they invade plant or animal tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are parasites?

    <p>Pathogenic bacteria that require living matter for their growth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What shape are cocci bacteria?

    <p>Round-shaped.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do staphylococci bacteria grow?

    <p>In clusters like a bunch of grapes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe streptococci bacteria.

    <p>Pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are diplococci?

    <p>Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause diseases such as pneumonia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What shape are bacilli bacteria?

    <p>Short, rod-shaped bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are spirilla?

    <p>Spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define motility in bacteria.

    <p>Self-movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are flagella?

    <p>Slender, hairlike extensions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of cilia?

    <p>Locomotion (moving about).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during mitosis in bacteria?

    <p>Bacteria grow and reproduce by dividing into two cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is pus?

    <p>Fluid product of inflammation that contains white blood cells and debris.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the active/vegetative stage of bacteria?

    <p>Bacteria in this stage grow and reproduce in warm, dark, damp places.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the inactive/spore-forming stage of bacteria.

    <p>Certain bacteria form spherical spores with tough outer coverings to withstand adverse conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an infection?

    <p>When body tissues are invaded by disease-causing or pathogenic bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a local infection?

    <p>A pimple or abscess confined to a particular part of the body containing pus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a general infection?

    <p>When the bloodstream carries bacteria or viruses and their toxins to all parts of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a general infection?

    <p>Syphilis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean for a disease to be contagious or communicable?

    <p>When a disease spreads from one person to another by contact.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define a virus.

    <p>A submicroscopic structure capable of infesting almost all plants and animals, including bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does AIDS stand for?

    <p>Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does HIV stand for?

    <p>Human Immunodeficiency Virus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is hepatitis?

    <p>Disease marked by inflammation of the liver, caused by a bloodborne virus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are bloodborne pathogens?

    <p>Disease-causing bacteria or viruses carried through the blood or body fluids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are parasites?

    <p>Vegetable or animal organisms that live on another organism and draw nourishment from it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are molds, mildews, and yeasts examples of?

    <p>Fungi.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is immunity?

    <p>The ability of the body to destroy bacteria and resist infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are two examples of immunity?

    <p>Acquired or natural immunity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three decontaminations?

    <p>Sterilization, Disinfection, Sanitation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is decontamination?

    <p>Removal of pathogens and other substances from tools and surfaces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does MSDS stand for?

    <p>Material Safety Data Sheet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does OSHA stand for?

    <p>Occupational Safety and Health Administration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are quats?

    <p>Quaternary ammonium compounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For ethyl alcohol to be effective, it must be no less than what percentage?

    <p>70 percent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Isopropyl alcohol must be what percentage to be effective?

    <p>99 percent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean if clients are asymptomatic?

    <p>Clients who are infected with Hepatitis B Virus or other bloodborne pathogens show no symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Bacteria and Types

    • Bacteria are unicellular microorganisms exhibiting characteristics of both plants and animals.
    • Non-pathogenic bacteria are beneficial and do not cause disease; they play roles in decomposing organic matter and enhancing soil fertility.
    • Saprophytes are a subtype of non-pathogenic bacteria that thrive on decaying organic materials.
    • Pathogenic bacteria (germs) are harmful and lead to diseases by invading plant or animal tissues.
    • Parasites are pathogenic bacteria that depend on a living host for their growth and sustenance.

    Bacterial Shapes

    • Cocci: Round-shaped bacteria, can exist alone or in clusters.
    • Staphylococci: Pus-forming bacteria organized in clusters similar to grapes.
    • Streptococci: Pus-forming bacteria arranged in chains resembling strings of beads.
    • Diplococci: Pairing spherical bacteria responsible for diseases like pneumonia.
    • Bacilli: Rod-shaped bacteria, often associated with various infections.
    • Spirilla: Bacteria with spiral or corkscrew shapes.

    Bacterial Behavior and Life Cycle

    • Motility refers to the ability of microorganisms to move independently.
    • Flagella are hair-like structures that facilitate bacterial movement.
    • Cilia are tiny hair-like projections aiding in locomotion.
    • Mitosis describes the process by which bacteria grow and divide to form new cells.
    • Pus is a thick fluid from inflammation, containing dead cells, bacteria, and immune cells.
    • Active/Vegative Stage: Bacteria multiply optimally in warm, dark, and moist environments with food.
    • Inactive/Spore-forming Stage: Some bacteria create resilient spores to survive harsh conditions.

    Infections and Pathogens

    • Infection occurs when disease-causing bacteria infiltrate body tissues.
    • Local infections are confined to a specific body area, often indicated by pus-filled lesions.
    • General infections involve bacteria or viruses spreading through the bloodstream to the body's entirety, exemplified by diseases like syphilis.
    • Contagious diseases spread through direct contact between individuals.

    Viruses and Bloodborne Pathogens

    • Viruses are submicroscopic infectious agents that can infect various plants and animals.
    • AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) is caused by HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus).
    • Hepatitis is a liver inflammation disease transmitted through bloodborne viruses, akin to HIV.
    • Bloodborne pathogens, such as hepatitis and HIV, spread through bodily fluids.

    Fungi and Immunity

    • Fungi include molds, mildews, and yeasts, representing a category of organisms living on or in living hosts.
    • Immunity refers to the body's capacity to eradicate invading bacteria and resist infections.
    • Immunity can be classified into acquired and natural forms.

    Decontamination and Regulations

    • Decontamination involves the removal of pathogens from tools and surfaces, employing methods such as sterilization, disinfection, and sanitation.
    • Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) provides critical safety information about substances used in the workplace.
    • The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) oversees health and safety regulations.
    • Quaternary ammonium compounds (Quats) are widely used disinfectants in the industry.
    • To be effective, ethyl alcohol must be at least 70% concentration, while isopropyl alcohol requires a 99% concentration.

    Specific Health Considerations

    • Clients who carry the Hepatitis B Virus or other bloodborne pathogens may exhibit no symptoms (asymptomatic).

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Explore key terms and definitions from Chapter 5 on Infection Control. This flashcard set covers essential concepts such as bacteria types and their roles in health and the environment. Enhance your understanding of microbiology and infection prevention principles.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser