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Questions and Answers
What is the primary foundation of indigenous science in the Philippines?
What is the primary foundation of indigenous science in the Philippines?
Which of the following is an example of indigenous technology?
Which of the following is an example of indigenous technology?
How do young children acquire indigenous knowledge?
How do young children acquire indigenous knowledge?
What method is used by indigenous people to predict weather conditions?
What method is used by indigenous people to predict weather conditions?
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Which of the following is NOT listed as a type of herbal medicine?
Which of the following is NOT listed as a type of herbal medicine?
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What is one practice of indigenous knowledge related to agriculture?
What is one practice of indigenous knowledge related to agriculture?
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What kind of custom is upheld by indigenous people related to plants?
What kind of custom is upheld by indigenous people related to plants?
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Which materials are traditionally used to produce wines and juices in indigenous practices?
Which materials are traditionally used to produce wines and juices in indigenous practices?
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What role did science and technology play in the Philippines throughout its history?
What role did science and technology play in the Philippines throughout its history?
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What does the term 'Kaingin system' refer to in indigenous agricultural practices?
What does the term 'Kaingin system' refer to in indigenous agricultural practices?
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How is the Earth regarded by indigenous Filipinos?
How is the Earth regarded by indigenous Filipinos?
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What does the indigenous perspective emphasize regarding the relationship between humans and nature?
What does the indigenous perspective emphasize regarding the relationship between humans and nature?
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During the pre-colonial period, what agricultural expertise did indigenous peoples develop?
During the pre-colonial period, what agricultural expertise did indigenous peoples develop?
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What is the responsibility of humans towards nature according to indigenous beliefs?
What is the responsibility of humans towards nature according to indigenous beliefs?
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What is the primary focus of Republic Act No. 8371?
What is the primary focus of Republic Act No. 8371?
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What historical influence has shaped the scientific development of the Philippines?
What historical influence has shaped the scientific development of the Philippines?
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Which act is responsible for accelerating traditional and alternative health care development in the Philippines?
Which act is responsible for accelerating traditional and alternative health care development in the Philippines?
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Which of the following statements about indigenous science is correct?
Which of the following statements about indigenous science is correct?
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What does indigenous science contribute to aside from health care?
What does indigenous science contribute to aside from health care?
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What is the purpose of Republic Act No. 9168?
What is the purpose of Republic Act No. 9168?
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Which of the following is a key aspect of traditional knowledge as described in the content?
Which of the following is a key aspect of traditional knowledge as described in the content?
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What do genetic resources and their by-products include?
What do genetic resources and their by-products include?
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Which act concerns the protection of plant varieties and includes mechanisms for implementation?
Which act concerns the protection of plant varieties and includes mechanisms for implementation?
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What is a common theme in the acts mentioned in the content?
What is a common theme in the acts mentioned in the content?
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What is one of the primary roles of science and technology in nation-building?
What is one of the primary roles of science and technology in nation-building?
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What prestigious award has Dr. Jose Bejar Cruz received?
What prestigious award has Dr. Jose Bejar Cruz received?
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Which organization is NOT listed among those associated with the physicist's research?
Which organization is NOT listed among those associated with the physicist's research?
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What aspect of the Arctic is highlighted in the physicist's research?
What aspect of the Arctic is highlighted in the physicist's research?
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What field is Dr. Jose Bejar Cruz known for?
What field is Dr. Jose Bejar Cruz known for?
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Which of the following is NOT a component of the Philippines' progress in science and technology?
Which of the following is NOT a component of the Philippines' progress in science and technology?
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How is innovation primarily driven according to the content?
How is innovation primarily driven according to the content?
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What organization does the physicist belong to that focuses on atomic energy?
What organization does the physicist belong to that focuses on atomic energy?
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What significant contribution did Dr. Gregory L. Tangonan make in his field?
What significant contribution did Dr. Gregory L. Tangonan make in his field?
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In what year was Dr. Gregory L. Tangonan named a National Scientist of the Philippines?
In what year was Dr. Gregory L. Tangonan named a National Scientist of the Philippines?
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What areas does Dr. Emil Javier specialize in?
What areas does Dr. Emil Javier specialize in?
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What aspect of technology does Dr. Gregory L. Tangonan engage in besides research?
What aspect of technology does Dr. Gregory L. Tangonan engage in besides research?
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What is one of the sectors where Dr. Gregory L. Tangonan's expertise is valued, besides the academe?
What is one of the sectors where Dr. Gregory L. Tangonan's expertise is valued, besides the academe?
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Study Notes
Indigenous Science and Technology in the Philippines
- Early Filipinos invented tools and developed alternative ideas to explain the world around them. This is known as indigenous knowledge, the foundation of indigenous science.
- Indigenous science is deeply ingrained in Filipino culture and learned from parents and elders.
- Indigenous knowledge is evident in stories, poems, and songs, highlighting Filipinos' connection to their culture and environment.
Examples of Indigenous Knowledge
- Predicting weather conditions and seasons using animal behavior and celestial bodies.
- Using herbal medicine.
- Preserving food.
- Classifying plants and animals based on cultural properties.
- Preserving and selecting good seeds for planting.
- Using indigenous technology like weaving, pottery, and stone tools.
- Building local irrigation systems.
- Classifying different types of soil based on cultural properties.
- Producing wines and juices from tropical fruits.
- Keeping the custom of growing plants and vegetables in yards.
Examples of Indigenous Technology
- Weaving
- Pottery
- Stone tools
- Producing wines and juices
Examples of Herbal Medicine
- Akapulko
- Balbas-pusa
- Ampalaya
- Bayabas
Indigenous Science is Guided By Community Culture and Values
- The land is a source of life and a precious gift from the creator.
- The Earth is revered as "Mother Earth," the origin of Filipino identity.
- All living and nonliving things are interconnected and interdependent.
- Human beings are stewards or trustees of the land and natural resources, responsible for preserving them.
- Nature is a friend to human beings and requires respect and proper care.
Republic Acts Recognizing Indigenous Rights and Knowledge
- Republic Act No. 8371: Recognizes, protects, and promotes the rights of indigenous cultural communities/indigenous peoples. Creates a national commission on indigenous peoples, establishes implementing mechanisms, appropriates funds, and for other purposes.
- Republic Act No. 8423: Creates the Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health Care (PITAHC) to accelerate the development of traditional and alternative healthcare in the Philippines. Provides for a traditional and alternative healthcare development fund and for other purposes.
- Republic Act No. 9168: Provides protection to new plant varieties, establishing a national plant variety protection board and for other purposes.
Science Process Skills
- Observing
- Comparing
- Classifying
- Measuring
- Problem Solving
- Inferring
- Communicating
- Predicting
Science and Technology in Nation Building
- Science and technology have played a crucial role in the development of the Philippines as a nation.
- The Philippines has been influenced by different cultures and colonial powers throughout its history.
Pre-Colonial Period
- The Philippines had significant scientific and technological growth before the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th century.
- Indigenous Filipinos had expertise and practices in agriculture, medicine, and navigation.
- Agriculture: Indigenous peoples developed their own agricultural techniques, including the Kaingin system where land is cleared for cultivation by cutting and burning areas of the forest.
Post-Colonial Period
- The Philippines made great progress in science and technology during the post-colonial period. This includes:
- Founding of research institutes
- Expansion of education
- Development of industries
- Application of scientific and technology policies
- International cooperation
International Organizations and Agreements
- International Atomic Energy Agency
- The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
- Other international organizations devoted to scientific research and development
Filipino Scientists and their Contributions
-
Dr. Angel Alcala
- National Scientist of the Philippines
- Known for his contributions to marine and freshwater biodiversity research.
- He has been recognized for his significant discoveries and conservation efforts related to sea turtles and coral reefs.
-
Dr. Gavino C. Trono
- National Scientist of the Philippines in 1988
- Known as the "Father of Philippine Seaweed Industry."
- Focused on the cultivation and utilization of seaweeds, particularly those used as nutritional supplements.
- Credited with playing a significant role in the development of the Philippine seaweed industry.
-
Dr. Gregorio C. Quibilan
- National Scientist of the Philippines in 2008
- Known for his research in plant breeding and genetics.
- Made important contributions to the development of more productive and disease-resistant rice varieties in the Philippines.
-
Dr. Juan Saloma
- National Scientist of the Philippines in 2014
- Known for his expertise in condensed matter and nuclear physics.
- Has made notable contributions to the field of nuclear physics, particularly in the areas of nuclear structure and reactions.
-
Dr. Edgardo Gomez
- National Scientist of the Philippines in 2014
- Known for his expertise in marine science and conservation.
- Led significant research on coral reefs and the ecological impacts of climate change.
-
Dr. Perry C. Llanera
- National Scientist of the Philippines in 2014
- Known as the "Father of Philippine Fisheries."
- Pioneered studies on the ecology of Philippine fish species, contributing to the understanding and management of fisheries resources.
-
Dr. Rhodora R. Azanza
- National Scientist of the Philippines in 2014
- Known for her work on coastal marine resources and coastal management.
- Has made significant contributions to the understanding and conservation of Philippine mangroves, a vital ecosystem.
-
Dr. Rafael D. Guerrero III
- National Scientist of the Philippines in 2014
- Known for his research in aquaculture science, particularly in the field of fish and shrimp culture technology.
- His work has contributed to the development of the Philippine aquaculture industry.
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Dr. Fabian M. Dayrit
- National Scientist of the Philippines in 2014
- Known for his expertise in natural products chemistry, particularly in the field of medicinal plants.
- His research focuses on the development of new drugs and therapies from natural products, particularly from Philippine medicinal plants.
-
Dr. William Padolina
- National Scientist of the Philippines in 2014
- Known for his expertise in plant science and biotechnology.
- His research has focused on plant genetics, molecular biology, and the use of biotechnology for the development of more resilient and sustainable crops.
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Dr. Lourdes J. Cruz
- National Scientist of the Philippines in 2008 for her research on the toxins of cone snails.
- Her work has been important in understanding the potential of these toxins as drug candidates.
-
Dr. Jose Bejar Cruz
- Known internationally for his contributions to the field of automatic control in research, teaching, and service.
- Known locally and internationally as an expert in graph theory and operations research.
-
Dr. Gregory L. Tangonan
- Innovation & technology; intellectual property strategies for innovators.
- International projects in solutions and sustainable environment and environmental monitoring.
- High technology competitiveness analysis and leap-frog strategies for developing countries.
-
Dr. Emil Javier
- Filipino plant geneticist and agronomist
- Tropical agricultural research and crop production.
Conclusion
- Science and technology contribute significantly to nation building through economic development, social progress, and environmental sustainability.
- In the Philippines, indigenous science and technology have a rich history and continue to play a crucial role in shaping the country's development.
- The Philippines has made notable progress in science and technology, with numerous Filipino scientists making significant contributions both locally and globally.
- The Philippines needs to continue investing in science and technology to address pressing challenges and achieve sustainable development.
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Description
Explore the rich heritage of indigenous science and technology in the Philippines. This quiz covers various aspects of traditional knowledge, including weather prediction, herbal medicine, and cultural practices that showcase the connection to the environment. Test your understanding of how early Filipinos adapted their technologies and beliefs to their surroundings.
