Indian Revolutionary Movements 1907-1917

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Questions and Answers

What was the ideology behind the revolutionary activities from 1907-1917?

The ideology aimed to use assassination of unpopular officials to instill fear in rulers and encourage people to expel the British through force.

Name two significant events or actions taken by revolutionary groups in Bengal between 1905 and 1912.

The attempt to murder the Muzaffarpur Magistrate in 1908, and the bombing of Viceroy Hardinge in 1912.

What was the role of Shyamji Krishnavarma in the revolutionary activities abroad?

Shyamji Krishnavarma established the Indian Home Rule Society and India House in London, promoting Indian independence.

What was the Ghadr Programme, and what was its primary objective?

The Ghadr Programme aimed to assassinate officials, publish revolutionary literature, and incite a simultaneous revolt in British colonies. Signup and view all the answers

How did the Defence of India Act, 1915, relate to the Ghadrites?

The Defence of India Act was enacted primarily to address the activities and threats posed by the Ghadrites. Signup and view all the answers

What was the main objective of the Punjab political dacoities in 1915?

The main objective was to focus on moneylenders and debt records to create an explosive situation. Signup and view all the answers

What incident led to the failure of the Ghadrites' plan for an armed revolt?

The plan failed due to treachery within their ranks. Signup and view all the answers

How did the British authorities respond to the Ghadr movement?

They implemented extensive repressive measures, including the Defense of India Act and numerous arrests. Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the mutinies in Singapore on February 15, 1915?

The mutinies involved Indian troops and were a direct challenge to British authority in a strategic location. Signup and view all the answers

What was one reason for the decline of revolutionary activities after the First World War?

The release of prisoners and the Montagu statement of 1917 created an atmosphere of conciliation. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of 'India House' established by Shyamji Krishnavarma?

To serve as a center for Indian students and promote radical youth in India. Signup and view all the answers

Who was responsible for the assassination of Curzon-Wyllie in 1909?

Madanlal Dhingra. Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of the Ghadr Party in revolutionary activities?

To organize assassinations, publish revolutionary literature, and coordinate revolts in British colonies. Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Komagata Maru incident to the Ghadr Party?

It served as an impetus for launching violent attacks against British rule. Signup and view all the answers

Which revolutionary figure criticized the methods of terrorists during this period?

Subhas Chandra Bose. Signup and view all the answers

How did M.K. Gandhi's views on violence differ from those of the revolutionaries?

Gandhi opposed violence, advocating for self-sacrifice instead. Signup and view all the answers

What was a key goal of the revolutionary groups like the Ghadr Party?

To install a national government in India. Signup and view all the answers

Which city was the headquarters of the Ghadr Party?

San Francisco. Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Balasore Incident in 1915?

Jatin Mukherjee was killed, marking a failure of the German plot to supply arms. Signup and view all the answers

Which newspapers promoted revolutionary ideas in Bengal?

The newspapers Sandhya and Yugantar were key in promoting revolutionary ideas. Signup and view all the answers

What was the main aim of the Ramosi Peasant Force organized by Vasudev Balwant Phadke?

The force aimed to overthrow the British by disrupting communication lines through dacoities. Signup and view all the answers

How did Bal Gangadhar Tilak promote militant nationalism?

He promoted it through festivals like Ganapati and Shivaji and his journals Kesari and Maharatta. Signup and view all the answers

What led to the rise of extremism in Punjab?

Frequent famines, rising land revenue and irrigation taxes, and the begar practice fueled extremism. Signup and view all the answers

Who became a leading figure in the Ghadr Revolution during WWI?

Rashbehari Bose became a leading figure in the Ghadr Revolution. Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the revolutionary literature mentioned during the revolutionary activities abroad?

Revolutionary literature was essential for sheltering ideas and galvanizing support for the movement. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ideology

Assassinate unpopular officials to strike terror in rulers' hearts and arouse people
Based on individual heroic actions, modeled on Irish and Russian revolutionaries, not mass-based
Revolutionary weekly newspapers began

Revolutionary Activities (Bengal)

First revolutionary groups in Midnapore (1902—Anushilan Samiti)
Revolutionary weekly newspapers (1906—Yugantar) started advocating revolution (1905-06—Several newspapers started)
Several assassination attempts on officials (1907—Attempt on life of the former Lt. Governor of Bengal 1908—Pratfulla Chaki and Khudiram Bose attempted to murder the Muzaffarpur Magistrate, Kingsford)

Revolutionary Activities (Maharashtra)

1879—Ramoshi Peasant Force by Vasudev Balwant Phadke (to rid country of British)
1879—Attempts through Shivaji & Ganapati festivals, Kesari and Mahratta
1897—Chapekar brothers kill Rand the plague commissioner of Poona and Lt. Ayerst
1899—Mitra Mela (secret revolutionary society)
1904—Merged with Abhinav Bharat

Revolutionary Activities (Punjab)

Revolutionary activity by Lala Lajpat Rai, Ajit Singh, and others (1905–1915)
Haiadar Syed, Haidar Raza, Bhai Parmanand, and Sufi Ambaprasad.

Revolutionary Activity Abroad

1905—Shyamji Krishnavarma set up Indian Home Rule Society in London, and started the Indian House
Revolutionaries sought and developed contacts with French socialists and Anglo-German relations in Paris and Geneva.

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Description

Explore the key revolutionary activities in India between 1907 and 1917 with this quiz. Delve into significant events, figures like Shyamji Krishnavarma, and the implications of the Ghadr movement. Test your knowledge of the ideological background and impact of these movements on India's struggle for independence.