Incentive Spirometry Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of an incentive spirometer?

  • To increase respiratory rate
  • To encourage deep breathing and lung expansion (correct)
  • To promote spirometry during sleep
  • To measure tidal volume accurately

    • What is the ideal technique for performing a sustained maximal inspiration (SMI)?

  • A series of short, deep breaths without pauses
  • A slow, deep inhalation with a 5 to 10 second breath hold (correct)
  • A shallow, quick inhale with no breath hold
  • A deep, rapid breath followed by exhaling quickly

    • How is the inspiratory capacity (IC) adjusted for age according to the guidelines?

  • Decrease IC by 100 ml for every decade over 20 (correct)
  • Increase IC by 100 ml for every decade over 20
  • IC remains constant regardless of age
  • Decrease IC by 50 ml for every decade over 30

    • Which of the following is a contraindication for using an incentive spirometer?

    <p>The patient is unconscious or unable to speak</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating the ideal body weight (IBW) of a man who is 5'10" and weighs 190 lbs?

    <p>105 + 6.23 x height (inches)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during the inspiratory phase of spontaneous breathing?

    <p>The drop in pleural pressure is transmitted to the alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What volume target should be set for a 70-year-old female whose initial IC is calculated as 2355 ml?

    <p>700 ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum expiratory flow rate required for patients to use the acapella device?

    <p>15 lpm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT an indication for using incentive spirometry?

    <p>Severe asthmatic attack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using the Flutter Device?

    <p>To create oscillations that protect the airways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long should the acapella device be soaked in a vinegar solution for cleaning?

    <p>20 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What therapeutic pressure range is typically used in Positive Airway Pressure therapy?

    <p>5 to 30 cm H20</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs to the respiratory system during exhalation through the Flutter Device?

    <p>Internal vibrations caused by airflow variations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential for preventing bacterial growth when cleaning the acapella device?

    <p>Ensuring the equipment is completely dry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes Positive Airway Pressure therapy?

    <p>Maintaining positive pressure throughout the breathing cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What frequency range is typically adjusted for optimal use of the Flutter Device?

    <p>6 to 26 Hz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of Vibratory PEP Therapy?

    <p>To create positive pressure that helps clear secretions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the vibration during therapy assist in mucus clearance?

    <p>By disengaging mucus from airway walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mechanism allows the patient to exhale and inhale without removing the acapella from their mouth?

    <p>One-way valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does Positive Expiratory Pressure (PEP) therapy have on airways?

    <p>It splints open the airways through collateral ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the Canals of Lambert and Pores of Kohn involved in during Vibratory PEP Therapy?

    <p>They allow inspired air to fill collapsed alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature of the acapella assists in modifying the patient's therapy experience?

    <p>Adjustable frequency and resistance dial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the position of the acapella during use?

    <p>It can be used in any position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advantage does the acapella offer when combined with a nebulizer?

    <p>It reduces treatment time by combining therapies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of positive airway pressure in EzPAP therapy?

    <p>To stabilize airways and re-inflate collapsed alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does expiratory resistance benefit patients using EzPAP?

    <p>It provides positive expiratory pressure, aiding in airway stabilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario would EzPAP be preferred over CPAP?

    <p>When variable airway pressure during breathing is required</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the patient demographics that benefits from EzPAP therapy?

    <p>Post-surgical patients who develop atelectasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to airway pressure during inhalation and exhalation in EzPAP therapy?

    <p>It increases during inspiration and decreases during expiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the positive pressure inspiratory assist play in EzPAP?

    <p>It helps hold the airways open during inhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding collateral ventilation in EzPAP?

    <p>It prevents airway collapse during inhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does EzPAP aim to achieve for patients with inadequate inspiratory capacity?

    <p>Assist in lung expansion despite limitations in initiating breaths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Incentive Spirometry

    • Incentive Spirometry is the most commonly used therapy for hyperinflation
    • Devices provide visual clues for the patient signifying the volume achieved.
    • Incentive Spirometry has several indications:
      • Upper abdominal surgery
      • Chest surgery
      • COPD patients undergoing or having undergone surgery
      • Bedridden patients
    • Incentive Spirometry contraindications:
      • Patient cannot be instructed/supervised on proper use of the device.
      • Patient is unconscious, or unable to speak.
    • Incentive Spirometry hazards:
      • This information is not included in the provided text.

    Incentive Spirometry - Applying Age

    • Incentive Spirometry (IC) is calculated based on the patient's Ideal Body Weight (IBW)
    • The calculation for IC is 45 ml. per kg (IBW)
    • For every 10 years over the age of 20, subtract 100 ml. from the IC
    • Example: A 70-year-old patient would have 500 ml. subtracted from their IC.
    • Example: A 50-year-old female, 5'5" tall, would have an initial IC of 2655 ml.
    • After subtracting 300 ml. for age, her targeted goal volume would be 700 ml.

    Physiological Basis of IS

    • The main maneuver of IS is a sustained maximal inspiration (SMI)
    • Sustained maximal inspiration is a slow, deep inhalation from Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) to total lung capacity, followed by a 5 to 10 second breath hold.
    • SMI is functionally equivalent to inspiratory capacity (IC) maneuver followed by a breath hold.
    • During the inspiratory phase of spontaneous breathing, the drop in pleural pressure caused by expansion of the thorax is transmitted to the alveoli.
    • This assists in maintaining open alveoli and recruiting collapsed alveoli, thereby correcting atelectasis.

    Vibratory PEP Therapy

    • Vibratory PEP therapy utilizes a vibrating device to aid with Positive Expiratory Pressure (PEP) therapy
    • PEP therapy uses positive pressure created by expiratory resistance to help open the airways
    • The vibrations further loosen and move secretions
    • The vibrations disengage mucus from the airway walls
    • This allows for mucus to move towards larger airways
    • Vibrations also reduce the viscosity of mucus

    Acapella Device

    • The Acapella device generates vibration through the movement of a "donut" and "rocker"
    • This provides a percussive effect that disengages mucus from the airway walls.
    • The Acapella device works in any position
    • The Acapella device comes with a pre-set frequency and resistance, which can be adjusted
    • The Acapella device can be used with both a mouthpiece or a mask
    • The Acapella device can be used with a nebulizer
    • The Acapella device is generally used for patients capable of maintaining an expiratory flow rate greater than 15 lpm for 3-4 seconds

    Cleaning the Acapella Device

    • Clean the Acapella device daily by soaking it in warm, soapy water
    • Rinse the device thoroughly with water
    • Soak the device in a vinegar solution (2 parts vinegar, 3 parts water) for 20 minutes
    • Rinse thoroughly again, shake dry and allow to dry overnight.

    Flutter Device

    • The Flutter device is a PEP therapy device that utilizes internal vibrations
    • The device automatically generates an oscillating positive pressure during exhalation, which helps prevent airway collapse and hyperpressure
    • The Flutter device allows for modulation of the pressure and airflow oscillation frequency
    • When tuned to the patient's lung resonance frequency (usually 6 to 26 Hz), maximal vibrations of the bronchial walls are induced, promoting clearance of the small airways where CF infections and airway damage occur.

    EzPAP

    • EzPAP is a Positive Airway Pressure (PAP) therapy system
    • EzPAP utilizes variable airway pressure throughout the breathing cycle to provide a positive pressure in the airways
    • Patients that utilize EzPAP typically benefit from it because they are unable to perform deep breathing exercises
    • EzPAP is different from CPAP because the pressure is variable, with higher pressure levels during exhalation and lower levels during inhalation
    • The expiratory resistance provides PEP therapy to further open the airways and re-inflate alveoli
    • The inspiratory pressure assist helps hold open the airways
    • The elevated positive pressure is maintained throughout the breathing cycle.

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    Lung Expansion & Therapies (Class 14) - 2024 PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the fundamentals of Incentive Spirometry, including its uses, indications, contraindications, and calculations based on age. Learn how this therapy aids patients, especially those with respiratory issues or post-surgery. Test your understanding of the principles and practical applications of Incentive Spirometry.

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