Immunology Quiz on Immunity Types

Questions and Answers

What is the most common means of entry for allergens into the body?

Via the gastrointestinal and respiratory systems (correct)

Through the oral cavity

From cuts and skin openings

Ingestion of pathogens

Which of the following allergens is commonly associated with anaphylaxis?

Peanuts, shellfish, and wheat (correct)

Walnuts and grapes

Milk, chocolate, and peanuts

Oats, strawberries, and grains

At the first sign of anaphylaxis, what is the appropriate dosage of epinephrine to administer?

0.5-1.0 mL epinephrine IM

0.2-0.5 mL epinephrine IM (correct)

0.2-0.5 mL epinephrine subcutaneously

1.5-2.0 mL epinephrine IV push

What is a key characteristic of the body's response to allergens?

It struggles to differentiate between its own cells and allergens. Signup and view all the answers

Which method is NOT a typical entry route for allergens in the body?

Inhalation of food particles Signup and view all the answers

How do potential allergens typically enter the body?

Primarily through the gastrointestinal and respiratory systems Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability of the immune system to mobilize an antibody in response to an antigen?

Immunocompetence Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about innate immunity is correct?

Innate immunity involves a nonspecific inflammatory response. Signup and view all the answers

How do B cells primarily function in the immune response?

They increase in number as they are called to respond to an antigen. Signup and view all the answers

What type of immunity is characterized by the development and presence of antibodies in the plasma?

Humoral Signup and view all the answers

Which definition accurately describes an antigen?

Antigens are potential invaders of the body’s immune system. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate position for a patient experiencing an anaphylactic reaction?

Recumbent with legs elevated Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the occurrence of an autoimmune disorder?

The immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s own cells as if they are foreign. Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of T lymphocytes is accurate regarding their role in the immune system?

They enhance the function of B cells in producing antibodies. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Immune System Overview

Immunocompetence refers to the immune system's ability to mobilize antibodies in response to antigens.
Innate Immunity is characterized by nonspecific inflammatory responses and includes physical barriers that protect against pathogens.

B Cells Functionality

B cells increase in number when responding to antigens and are not produced by antibodies.
They are a critical component of the adaptive immune response, distinct from the innate immune system.

Types of Immunity

Humoral Immunity is defined by the presence of antibodies circulating in plasma, providing protection against pathogens.
Cell-mediated Immunity primarily involves T lymphocytes and does not rely on antibody production.

Antigens and their Role

Antigens are substances that can induce an immune response; they are recognized as potential invaders by the immune system.
Antigens differ from antibodies; they are not interchangeable terms.

Anaphylaxis Management

Patients experiencing anaphylaxis should be positioned recumbent with legs elevated to enhance blood flow to vital organs.
Prompt administration of epinephrine is crucial at the first sign of anaphylaxis, with a recommended dosage of 0.2-0.5 mL epinephrine IM.

Autoimmune Disorders

In an autoimmune disorder, the immune system fails to distinguish between the body’s own cells and foreign invaders, leading to inappropriate immune responses.

Allergic Reactions and Allergens

Common routes for allergens entering the body are the gastrointestinal and respiratory systems.
Allergens that may trigger anaphylaxis include peanuts, shellfish, and wheat; not all allergens cause reactions through skin contact.

Allergens and Reactions

Most allergens are absorbed via ingestible means rather than through cuts, and environmental allergens primarily enter through oral or respiratory pathways.

Description

Test your knowledge on the various types of immunity including cellular and innate immunity. This quiz covers key concepts such as immunocompetence and the role of innate responses. Enhance your understanding of how the immune system functions.