Immunology BE433 Prof Christine Loscher Lecture 3: Innate Immunity Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is true about the complement system?

  • It marks pathogens for destruction by phagocytes (correct)
  • It only activates in specific tissues of the body
  • It directly destroys pathogens by lysing them
  • It inhibits the recruitment of phagocytes to the site of infection
  • What is the function of some complement protein fragments?

  • Inhibit the activation of phagocytes
  • Trigger a decrease in the inflammatory response
  • Prevent the binding of complement proteins to pathogens
  • Act as chemoattractants to recruit more phagocytes (correct)
  • How are complement proteins activated at sites of infection?

  • They remain inactive and do not participate in the immune response
  • They are activated locally and trigger a series of inflammatory events (correct)
  • They are only activated in the presence of specific antibodies
  • They are activated systemically and have a general anti-inflammatory effect
  • What happens to complement proteins at the start of the pathway?

    <p>The activation of a small number of complement proteins is hugely amplified by each successive reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the activation of complement proteins?

    <p>Cleavage of zymogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of complement proteins in phagocytosis?

    <p>They bind covalently to pathogens, opsonizing them for phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are complement proteins distributed throughout the body?

    <p>Widely distributed throughout body fluids and tissues without effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of complement protein activation?

    <p>Triggering a series of inflammatory events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are complement proteins regulated?

    <p>Very tightly regulated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the complement system in interacting with pathogens?

    <p>Marking them for destruction by phagocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the terminal complement components?

    <p>They damage certain bacteria by creating pores in the bacterial membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of small fragments of complement?

    <p>Stimulate increased blood flow, vascular permeability, and adherence of phagocytes to endothelial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which receptor is best characterized for mediating the ingestion of complement-tagged pathogens by phagocytes?

    <p>CR1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of chemokines?

    <p>Induce directed chemotaxis in nearby responsive cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of complement in the immune response?

    <p>Enables the engulfing of bacteria and the recruitment of cells to the site of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which proteins are lacking on pathogen surfaces, allowing the action of C3 in the complement system?

    <p>Regulatory proteins such as DAF, CD55, factor 1, factor H</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the terminal complement proteins polymerize in the complement system?

    <p>They form pores in membranes that can kill certain pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of cytokines?

    <p>They induce responses through binding specific receptors on target cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of chemoattractant cytokines (chemokines)?

    <p>Induce directed chemotaxis in nearby responsive cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about complement activation?

    <p>It is largely confined to the surface on which it is initiated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of the terminal complement proteins?

    <p>Polymerize to form pores in membranes that can kill certain pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of chemoattractant cytokines (chemokines)?

    <p>Induce directed chemotaxis in nearby responsive cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of complement proteins in phagocytosis?

    <p>Mediate the ingestion of complement-tagged pathogens by phagocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the activation of complement proteins?

    <p>Pathogen surfaces lacking regulatory proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of complement protein activation?

    <p>Formation of pores in membranes that can kill certain pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of small fragments of complement?

    <p>Stimulate increased blood flow, vascular permeability, and adherence of phagocytes to endothelial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are complement proteins regulated?

    <p>Host cells have regulatory proteins such as DAF, CD55, factor 1, and factor H</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the terminal complement proteins polymerize in the complement system?

    <p>Formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC) to kill certain pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the complement system in interacting with pathogens?

    <p>Enables the engulfing of bacteria and recruitment of cells to the site of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which receptor is best characterized for mediating the ingestion of complement-tagged pathogens by phagocytes?

    <p>CR1</p> Signup and view all the answers

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