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Questions and Answers
What type of immunity is characterized by the individual producing antibodies after immunization or infection?
What type of immunity is characterized by the individual producing antibodies after immunization or infection?
Which of the following is an example of passive immunity?
Which of the following is an example of passive immunity?
Which type of immunity does NOT involve memory?
Which type of immunity does NOT involve memory?
What is an example of an endogenous non-specific immune response?
What is an example of an endogenous non-specific immune response?
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Which type of immunity is primarily involved when transferring antibodies from mother to fetus?
Which type of immunity is primarily involved when transferring antibodies from mother to fetus?
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What is the primary function of antibodies?
What is the primary function of antibodies?
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Which type of immunity is characterized by immediate response to pathogens?
Which type of immunity is characterized by immediate response to pathogens?
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What distinguishes adaptive immunity from innate immunity?
What distinguishes adaptive immunity from innate immunity?
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Which cells are primarily involved in humoral-mediated immunity?
Which cells are primarily involved in humoral-mediated immunity?
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What is meant by 'phagocytosis' in the context of the immune system?
What is meant by 'phagocytosis' in the context of the immune system?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of adaptive immunity?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of adaptive immunity?
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What role do leukocytes play in the immune system?
What role do leukocytes play in the immune system?
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Which of the following best describes 'innate immunity'?
Which of the following best describes 'innate immunity'?
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What is an antigen's primary role in the immune response?
What is an antigen's primary role in the immune response?
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What term describes the immunity that is passed from mother to child through breastfeeding?
What term describes the immunity that is passed from mother to child through breastfeeding?
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Study Notes
Innate Immunity vs Adaptive Immunity
- Innate immunity is non-specific, acting as the first line of defense against pathogens.
- Adaptive immunity is specific, remembering prior exposures to pathogens.
- Innate immunity has a fast response time, while adaptive immunity is slower.
- Innate immunity has low potency, where adaptive immunity has high potency.
- Innate immunity lacks memory, while adaptive immunity has memory of pathogens.
Definition of Terms
- Immunology: The study of the body's reactions to foreign substances.
- Immunity: Resistance to disease, specifically infectious disease. It's the body's defense mechanisms against foreign substances and pathogens.
- Innate Immunity: Body's natural ability to fight against pathogens (non-specific)
- Adaptive Immunity: Immunity that's acquired or strengthened after specific exposure to pathogens (specific)
- Antigens: Substances that provoke an immune response.
- Immunogens: Any substance that induces an immune response.
- Antibodies: Proteins produced by the immune system in response to an antigen.
- Phagocytosis: The process of cells engulfing and destroying pathogens.
Cells Involved
- Leukocytes: White blood cells. Include macrophages, mast cells, dendritic cells, B cells, T cells, and NK cells.
- B cells: Produce antibodies
- T cells: A crucial part of adaptive immunity, with various subtypes (helper, cytotoxic, regulatory).
- NK cells: Kill infected cells directly without prior exposure to the specific pathogen.
Immunity
- Innate examples: physical barriers (skin, mucous membranes), chemical barriers (pH, enzymes); cellular responses (macrophages, neutrophils).
- Adaptive examples: cell-mediated immunity (T cell responses); antibody-mediated immunity (B cell responses leading to antibody production).
Types of Immunity (Active/Passive)
- Active immunity: Develops after exposure to a pathogen or through vaccination, producing memory cells.
- Passive immunity: Temporary immunity provided by antibodies produced by another source, like from mother to child.
Lymphocytes
- Types: T cells, B cells, NK cells
- Functions: Different types are responsible for different aspects of immunity.
- T-helper cells
- T-cytotoxic Cells:
- B-cells: Produce antibodies
- Natural Killer (NK) cells: Kill virus-infected cells and tumor cells.
Other Cells
- Monocytes
- Macrophages
- Mast cells
- Dendritic cells
Other Information
- Different parts of the immune response, like the external and internal defense systems, are important for overall health.
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Description
Explore the differences between innate and adaptive immunity in this quiz. Learn about their response times, potency, memory capabilities, and definitions of key immunology terms. Test your understanding of how these two types of immunity work together to protect the body against pathogens.
