Biochemistry LE 1: WBC Metabolism and Complement System
40 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is used to destroy the pathogen inside the phagosome?

  • Reactive nitrogen species
  • Reactive oxygen species (correct)
  • Reactive carbon species
  • Reactive hydrogen species

    • What is the time frame for the production of ROS after internalization of an encapsulated cell?

  • 15-60 seconds (correct)
  • 1-5 minutes
  • 10-30 minutes
  • 1-2 hours

    • What is synthesized first in the formation of microbicidal ROS during respiratory burst?

  • Superoxide (correct)
  • H2O2
  • Hypochlorous acid
  • Hydroxyl radical

    • What is the enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of superoxide?

    <p>NADPH oxidase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the part of the immune system that the complement system is a part of?

    <p>Innate immune system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the humoral immune response?

    <p>Antibody-mediated response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the body's first line of defense against germs entering the body?

    <p>Innate immune system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of the reaction catalyzed by NADPH oxidase?

    <p>Formation of superoxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do basophils and local mast cells secrete to facilitate fluid accumulation and lead to inflammation?

    <p>Histamines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of lymphocytes in adaptive immunity?

    <p>Producing protective antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of hydrolyzing bacterial peptidoglycans in the immune system?

    <p>To cause membrane damage and kill bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of antibiotic peptides in the immune system?

    <p>To become antibiotics and destroy invading pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do neutrophils travel to the site of infection?

    <p>Via diapedesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme in neutrophil granules?

    <p>Hypochlorous acid (HOCl)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of fluid accumulation in inflammation?

    <p>To allow neutrophils to travel to the site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of chloramines in the immune system?

    <p>To act as microbicidal agents without causing damage to surrounding tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of chemokines in inflammation?

    <p>To attract more WBCs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of increased inflammation and heat in the affected area?

    <p>Inhibiting the growth of invading organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the pus produced by the immune system?

    <p>It has a greenish color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when a phagocyte forms and releases reactive oxygen species into a phagosome?

    <p>Oxidative burst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of macrophages in the inflammatory response?

    <p>To phagocytose invading organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the enzyme in neutrophil granules?

    <p>To catalyze the production of chlorinated oxidants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of WBCs are lymphocytes?

    <p>20-25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of proteins that bind specific elements in the immune system?

    <p>To inhibit the growth of certain bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) in the Complement System?

    <p>It binds to glycoproteins and liposaccharides on the surface of specific microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pathway is stimulated by the presence of an antibody-antigen complex?

    <p>Classical Pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of C3 convertase in the Complement System?

    <p>It cleaves C3 into C3a and C3b</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of C4b and C3b in the Complement System?

    <p>They are opsonins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pathway is antibody-independent in the Complement System?

    <p>Alternative Pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the spontaneous hydrolysis of C3 in the Alternative Pathway?

    <p>Formation of C3 convertase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of C1 in the Complement System?

    <p>It is stimulated by the presence of an antibody-antigen complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the cleavage of C4 by C1 in the Complement System?

    <p>Formation of C4b and C2a</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of C3 in the bloodstream?

    <p>To act as an inactive defense mechanism until triggered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the activation of C3?

    <p>Microbial debris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of C3 auto-hydrolysis?

    <p>C3 is cleaved into C3a and C3b</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed when C3b binds with Factor B?

    <p>C3b:B complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the C3b:Bb complex?

    <p>To act as a C5 convertase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the Alternate C5 convertase (C3b:Bb) activity?

    <p>C5 is cleaved into C5a and C5b</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specific target of mannose-binding protein (MBL)?

    <p>Mannose-containing carbohydrate moieties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is carbohydrate-binding serum protein (MBL) produced?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser