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Questions and Answers
Which pathway of complement activation is not included in the classic or alternative pathways?
Which pathway of complement activation is not included in the classic or alternative pathways?
- Lipid pathway
- Lectin pathway (correct)
- Protein pathway
- Cytokine pathway
Which type of cell primarily dominates during acute inflammation?
Which type of cell primarily dominates during acute inflammation?
- Macrophages
- Monocytes
- Mast cells
- Neutrophils (correct)
Which molecules are crucial for supporting the migration of leukocytes?
Which molecules are crucial for supporting the migration of leukocytes?
- Histamines and cytokines
- Selectins and integrins (correct)
- Transferrins and ferritins
- Antibodies and antigens
What term describes the movement of cells in response to a chemical gradient?
What term describes the movement of cells in response to a chemical gradient?
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The expression of which selectins is critical during the initial phase of leukocyte recruitment?
The expression of which selectins is critical during the initial phase of leukocyte recruitment?
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Study Notes
Complement Activation Pathways
- Classic Pathway
- Initiated by antigen-antibody complexes
- Involves C1q, C1r, C1s, and C4 and C2
- Alternative Pathway
- Triggered by microbial surfaces
- Involves C3, factor B, factor D, and properdin
- Lectin Pathway
- Activated by mannose-binding lectin (MBL) binding to microbial carbohydrates
- Involves MASP-2 (MBL-associated serine protease-2)
Cells in Acute Inflammation
- Neutrophils are the predominant cell type in acute inflammation
Leukocyte Adhesion Molecules
- Selectins mediate leukocyte rolling
- E-selectin and P-selectin are expressed on endothelial cells
- Integrins facilitate firm adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelium
Chemotaxis
- Chemotaxis is the directed migration of cells along a chemical gradient
- Chemotactic factors include chemokines, complement components (C5a), and bacterial products
Leukocyte Rolling
- Leukocyte rolling is the initial step in leukocyte recruitment to sites of inflammation
- It is dependent on the interaction between selectins on endothelial cells and their ligands on leukocytes
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