Immunohistochemistry and Cytogenetics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of immunohistochemistry (IHC)?

  • To culture tissue samples for research purposes
  • To visualize the distribution of DNA within cells
  • To selectively identify antigens in cells of a tissue section (correct)
  • To synthesize proteins inside the cell

    • What is the main difference between immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry?

  • Immunofluorescence can only be observed with light microscopes, while immunohistochemistry can be observed with confocal microscopes
  • Immunofluorescence uses fluorescent labeled antibodies, while immunohistochemistry uses color-producing material (correct)
  • Immunofluorescence visualizes DNA distribution within cells, while immunohistochemistry visualizes protein distribution
  • Immunofluorescence involves culturing tissue samples, while immunohistochemistry involves antigen identification

    • What is the difference between direct and indirect IHC methods?

  • Direct IHC can only be observed with confocal microscopes, while indirect IHC can be observed with light microscopes
  • Direct IHC involves two types of primary antibodies, while indirect IHC involves one
  • Direct IHC uses fluorescent labels, while indirect IHC uses color-producing material
  • Direct IHC uses directly labeled primary antibody, while indirect IHC uses labeled secondary antibody (correct)

    • What is the antigen in the context of immunohistochemistry?

    <p>The protein synthesized inside the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are tissue sections observed in immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry?

    <p>Immunofluorescence sections are observed with fluorescent or confocal microscopes, while IHC sections can be observed by light microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Purpose of Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

    • IHC is a technique used to detect specific proteins in tissue sections, aiding in the diagnosis of diseases, particularly cancers.
    • It helps visualize the distribution and localization of biomarkers in various tissue types, providing valuable insights into disease mechanisms.

    Difference Between Immunofluorescence and Immunohistochemistry

    • Immunofluorescence employs fluorescent-labeled antibodies, allowing visualization under UV light, whereas IHC typically uses enzyme-linked antibodies for colorimetric detection, observable under a standard microscope.
    • IHC tends to provide better morphological details, while immunofluorescence excels in detecting multiple targets simultaneously.

    Direct vs. Indirect IHC Methods

    • Direct IHC involves the use of a single labeled antibody that binds directly to the antigen, providing a quicker and simpler process.
    • Indirect IHC utilizes a primary antibody that binds to the antigen, followed by a secondary antibody conjugated to a reporter, amplifying the signal and improving detection sensitivity.

    Antigen in Immunohistochemistry

    • An antigen is any substance that triggers an immune response, specifically the targets of antibodies in IHC, often proteins, carbohydrates, or other molecules.
    • Identification of antigens is crucial for understanding disease states and developing targeted therapies.

    Observation of Tissue Sections

    • In immunofluorescence, tissue sections are examined under a fluorescence microscope, allowing for the detection of emitted light from the labeled antibodies.
    • In IHC, tissue sections are observed using bright-field microscopy, where chromogenic substrates produce a color reaction, enabling visualization of antigens in tissues.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of immunohistochemistry, cytogenetics, and tissue culture with this quiz. Learn about the principles and applications of immunostaining in research and clinical laboratories.

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