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Questions and Answers
What is the main characteristic of Type I allergies?
What is the main characteristic of Type I allergies?
Which type of allergies can cause gastrointestinal allergy to foods and drugs?
Which type of allergies can cause gastrointestinal allergy to foods and drugs?
What is the role of histamine in Type I allergies?
What is the role of histamine in Type I allergies?
Which type of hypersensitivities can lead to cell destruction through antibody binding alone?
Which type of hypersensitivities can lead to cell destruction through antibody binding alone?
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What happens after sensitization and exposure to the antigen in Type I allergies?
What happens after sensitization and exposure to the antigen in Type I allergies?
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Which of the following clinical features is characteristic of mastocytosis?
Which of the following clinical features is characteristic of mastocytosis?
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What are common systemic reactions in food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis?
What are common systemic reactions in food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis?
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Which group is most likely to develop anaphylaxis due to latex allergy?
Which group is most likely to develop anaphylaxis due to latex allergy?
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Which type of allergy is associated with insulin allergy?
Which type of allergy is associated with insulin allergy?
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What is the most common outcome for local reactions to insulin therapy?
What is the most common outcome for local reactions to insulin therapy?
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What is the first step in the two-step process that causes someone to become 'allergic' to a substance?
What is the first step in the two-step process that causes someone to become 'allergic' to a substance?
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Which site is mentioned as a common location for allergic inflammatory disorders due to the lack of a mechanical barrier?
Which site is mentioned as a common location for allergic inflammatory disorders due to the lack of a mechanical barrier?
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What can help remove excess fluid, painful chemical mediators, and waste metabolites in the treatment of acute Rheumatoid Arthritis?
What can help remove excess fluid, painful chemical mediators, and waste metabolites in the treatment of acute Rheumatoid Arthritis?
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Which factor delays the healing process according to the text?
Which factor delays the healing process according to the text?
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Which antibody type plays a significant role in Type I allergies?
Which antibody type plays a significant role in Type I allergies?
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What type of allergic reaction is characterized by hives, swelling, itching, and wheezing?
What type of allergic reaction is characterized by hives, swelling, itching, and wheezing?
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Which diagnostic study for allergies involves measuring the size of wheal and flare reactions?
Which diagnostic study for allergies involves measuring the size of wheal and flare reactions?
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What is the most cost-effective way to screen for allergies using biological extracts of aeroallergens?
What is the most cost-effective way to screen for allergies using biological extracts of aeroallergens?
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What do elevated IgE levels in infants over 20 IU/ml indicate?
What do elevated IgE levels in infants over 20 IU/ml indicate?
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Which type of allergic reaction involves a family history of atopy and symptoms like flushing and abdominal cramping?
Which type of allergic reaction involves a family history of atopy and symptoms like flushing and abdominal cramping?
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Which type of tissue reactions involve specifically sensitized T lymphocytes and do not involve antibodies?
Which type of tissue reactions involve specifically sensitized T lymphocytes and do not involve antibodies?
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What is a common example of Type IV allergy reaction used as a diagnostic test for TB?
What is a common example of Type IV allergy reaction used as a diagnostic test for TB?
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In which autoimmune disease do autoantibodies form immune complexes that bind to the synovial membrane of joints, leading to chronic inflammation and joint destruction?
In which autoimmune disease do autoantibodies form immune complexes that bind to the synovial membrane of joints, leading to chronic inflammation and joint destruction?
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What type of allergies involve the attachment of autoantibodies to receptors on thyroxin-secreting follicle cells of the thyroid gland?
What type of allergies involve the attachment of autoantibodies to receptors on thyroxin-secreting follicle cells of the thyroid gland?
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Which classification of graft involves transplantation between individuals of the same species?
Which classification of graft involves transplantation between individuals of the same species?
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Study Notes
Type I Allergies
- Main characteristic is immediate hypersensitivity reaction to a specific allergen, mediated by IgE antibodies.
- Histamine plays a critical role by causing vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, and bronchoconstriction.
Gastrointestinal Reactions
- Type I allergies can lead to gastrointestinal symptoms from food and drug allergens.
Sensitization and Exposure
- After sensitization, re-exposure to the antigen triggers an inflammatory response, resulting in allergy symptoms.
Antibody Binding and Cell Destruction
- Type II hypersensitivities can cause cell destruction through antibody binding alone.
Mastocytosis
- Clinical features include excessive mast cell activation, leading to symptoms such as skin rashes and anaphylaxis.
Food-Dependent Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis
- Common systemic reactions include gastrointestinal distress, respiratory issues, and cardiovascular collapse.
Latex Allergy
- Healthcare workers, particularly those frequently in contact with latex, are most likely to develop anaphylaxis.
Insulin Allergy
- Insulin allergy is classified as a Type I hypersensitivity reaction.
Insulin Therapy Reactions
- Most common outcome for local reactions to insulin therapy includes localized skin reactions like redness and swelling.
Allergic Sensitization Process
- The first step is initial exposure to an allergen followed by sensitization, where IgE antibodies are produced.
Allergic Inflammatory Disorders
- Common location for allergic inflammatory disorders is the respiratory tract, due to lack of a mechanical barrier.
Acute Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment
- Draining excess fluid, histamine, and other inflammatory mediators can help reduce pain and inflammation.
Healing Process Delay
- Factors like chronic inflammation or ongoing exposure to allergens can delay the healing process.
IgE Antibodies
- IgE antibodies are significant in mediating responses in Type I allergies.
Type I Allergic Reaction Symptoms
- Characterized by symptoms such as hives, swelling, itching, and wheezing.
Allergy Diagnostic Studies
- Skin prick tests are used to measure the size of wheal and flare reactions, indicating sensitivity.
Cost-Effective Allergy Screening
- Use of biological extracts of aeroallergens for screening allergies is the most cost-effective method.
Elevated IgE Levels in Infants
- Elevated IgE levels over 20 IU/ml in infants may indicate a higher risk of developing allergic conditions.
Familial Atopy Reactions
- Type I allergic reactions often involve family history of atopy and may present flushing and abdominal cramping.
Type IV Tissue Reactions
- Characterized by specifically sensitized T lymphocytes, these reactions do not involve antibodies.
Tuberculosis Diagnostic Test
- The Mantoux test is a common example of a Type IV allergic reaction used for TB diagnosis.
Autoimmune Diseases and Joint Inflammation
- In rheumatoid arthritis, autoantibodies form immune complexes leading to joint chronic inflammation and destruction.
Autoantibodies and Thyroid Gland
- Type II allergies involve autoantibodies attaching to receptors on thyroid follicle cells, causing excess hormone production.
Graft Classification
- Autografts involve transplantation between individuals of the same species, while isografts occur between genetically identical individuals.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the immune system response to yellow jacket stings and the concept of sensitization. Explore how the body reacts differently upon repeated exposure to the antigen. Find out what caused the severe reaction in the scenario provided.
