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Questions and Answers
Define a hydrocarbon.
Hydrocarbons are the simplest organic compounds made up of only carbon and hydrogen atoms.
Name the first 6 hydrocarbons in the alkane series.
Methane, Ethane, Propane, Butane, Pentane, Hexane.
Name the first 6 hydrocarbons in the alkene series.
Ethene, Propene, Butene, Pentene, Hexene.
Name the first 6 hydrocarbons in the alkyne series.
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Saturated hydrocarbons only have single bonds between carbon atoms.
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Unsaturated hydrocarbons have only single bonds between carbon atoms.
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List at least 3 allotropes of carbon.
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How many covalent bonds can carbon form?
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How many covalent bonds can hydrogen form?
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Match the prefixes with the number of carbon atoms:
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Match the suffixes with the type of hydrocarbon:
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A hydrocarbon is named hexane. It has _ carbon atoms.
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What is the structural formula for a molecule with 2 carbon atoms?
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Study Notes
Hydrocarbons
- Hydrocarbons are the simplest organic compounds.
- They are made up of only carbon and hydrogen atoms.
- There are different ways to represent hydrocarbons:
- Structural formula: Shows how atoms are bonded in a molecule
- Molecular formula: Shows the number of atoms of each element
- Molecular model: 3-D representations of molecules
Molecular Models
- Use models to represent hydrocarbons.
- Black sphere = carbon
- Red sphere = oxygen - White sphere= hydrogen
- Each stick represents one covalent bond.
Building Molecules
- Each carbon needs 4 bonds and each hydrogen needs 1 bond.
Naming Hydrocarbons
- Names are made up of two parts: a prefix and a suffix.
- The prefix tells us how many carbon atoms are in the molecule.
- The suffix tells us the type of hydrocarbon.
Prefixes
- Meth: 1 carbon
- Eth: 2 carbons
- Prop: 3 carbons
- But: 4 carbons
- Pent: 5 carbons
- Hex: 6 carbons
Suffixes
- ane: alkane (single bonds between carbons)
- ene: alkene (at least one double bond between carbons)
- yne: alkyne (at least one triple bond between carbons)
Saturated & Unsaturated Hydrocarbons
- Saturated hydrocarbons have only single bonds between carbon atoms.
- Unsaturated hydrocarbons have double or triple bonds between carbon atoms.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamentals of hydrocarbons, including their structure, naming conventions, and the use of molecular models. Test your knowledge on the composition and representation of hydrocarbons as well as the prefixes and suffixes used in their names.
