Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does McGregor's Theory Y primarily suggest about employees?
What does McGregor's Theory Y primarily suggest about employees?
- Employees require close supervision.
- Employees are inherently unmotivated.
- Employees seek responsibility and are self-directed. (correct)
- Employees resist change and innovation.
What is one major drawback of Quantitative Management approaches?
What is one major drawback of Quantitative Management approaches?
- They only apply during wartime.
- They disregard non-quantifiable factors. (correct)
- They complicate managerial decision-making.
- They focus excessively on qualitative factors.
In Systems Theory, what is seen as a crucial aspect of organizational effectiveness?
In Systems Theory, what is seen as a crucial aspect of organizational effectiveness?
- Maintaining bureaucratic processes.
- Meeting the needs of the external environment. (correct)
- Maximizing profit margins.
- Minimizing operational costs.
What was a major finding from the Relay Assembly Test Room experiments regarding supervision?
What was a major finding from the Relay Assembly Test Room experiments regarding supervision?
Contingency Theory highlights that which factor significantly affects managerial practices?
Contingency Theory highlights that which factor significantly affects managerial practices?
According to Burn’s + Stalker Framework, what type of organizational structure is favored when technological change is rapid?
According to Burn’s + Stalker Framework, what type of organizational structure is favored when technological change is rapid?
What did the Bank Wiring Observation Room experiments reveal about established work groups?
What did the Bank Wiring Observation Room experiments reveal about established work groups?
Which concept explains why individuals may feel underproductive despite knowing company objectives?
Which concept explains why individuals may feel underproductive despite knowing company objectives?
Which of the following is NOT a principle found in Operations Management?
Which of the following is NOT a principle found in Operations Management?
What are deficiency needs in the context of Maslow's hierarchy?
What are deficiency needs in the context of Maslow's hierarchy?
What is a fundamental characteristic of organizations described by Systems Theory?
What is a fundamental characteristic of organizations described by Systems Theory?
What aspect is NOT considered a contingency in Contingency Theory?
What aspect is NOT considered a contingency in Contingency Theory?
What was a key aspect of the psychological factor influencing performance identified in the Hawthorne experiments?
What was a key aspect of the psychological factor influencing performance identified in the Hawthorne experiments?
How does Douglas McGregor's Theory X view employees' motivations?
How does Douglas McGregor's Theory X view employees' motivations?
What was a limitation of the assumptions made about human needs in the organizational behavior context?
What was a limitation of the assumptions made about human needs in the organizational behavior context?
What influenced workers' attitudes toward their jobs in the Relay Assembly Test Room?
What influenced workers' attitudes toward their jobs in the Relay Assembly Test Room?
Flashcards
Hawthorne Effect
Hawthorne Effect
Increased output due to observation, not physical changes.
Relay Assembly Test Room (RATR) Experiments
Relay Assembly Test Room (RATR) Experiments
Studies how work conditions affect productivity. Found social factors are crucial.
Supervisory style in RATR
Supervisory style in RATR
Open and friendly, with more worker input.
Bank Wiring Observation Room (BWOR)
Bank Wiring Observation Room (BWOR)
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Group norms in BWOR
Group norms in BWOR
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Motivation - beyond money
Motivation - beyond money
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Maslow's Hierarchy - Deficiency needs
Maslow's Hierarchy - Deficiency needs
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Maslow's Hierarchy - Growth needs
Maslow's Hierarchy - Growth needs
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Quantitative Management Approach
Quantitative Management Approach
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Operations Management
Operations Management
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Systems Theory
Systems Theory
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Organizational Effectiveness
Organizational Effectiveness
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Contingency Theory
Contingency Theory
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Contingencies
Contingencies
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Burn's & Stalker Framework
Burn's & Stalker Framework
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McGregor's Theory X & Y
McGregor's Theory X & Y
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Study Notes
Human Relations
- Sought to understand how psychological and social factors influence work performance
- Hawthorne Experiments (1924-1932) identified social/psychological factors influencing performance
- Illumination Experiments: Increased output (Hawthorne Effect) observed
- Relay Assembly Test Room (RATR) Experiments: Studied rest breaks, work-day length, refreshments, and incentives on productivity
- Open, friendly supervisor style improved output, workers felt valued
- Workers participating in decision-making and setting their own pace boosted satisfaction and productivity
- Cohesive work groups led to loyalty and cooperation
- Job satisfaction improved due to increased autonomy and feeling involved, not just company goals
- Bank Wiring Observation Room (BWOR) Experiments: Groups have norms about behaviour and output
- High/low productivity compared to group norms led to social pressure/dislike
- Informal work group relations strongly influenced motivation and performance
- Financial incentives didn't matter as much as social connections and group norms
Organisational Behaviour
- Abraham Maslow + Douglas McGregor
- First three needs are deficiency needs (fulfilled by managers to fulfill work motivation), while last two are growth needs
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