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Questions and Answers
What is NOT a function of the Central Neural System (CNS)?
What is NOT a function of the Central Neural System (CNS)?
Which of the following accurately describes the role of afferent fibers in the Peripheral Neural System (PNS)?
Which of the following accurately describes the role of afferent fibers in the Peripheral Neural System (PNS)?
Which part of the neuron is primarily responsible for transmitting impulses away from the cell body?
Which part of the neuron is primarily responsible for transmitting impulses away from the cell body?
What distinguishes the Somatic Neural System from the Autonomic Neural System?
What distinguishes the Somatic Neural System from the Autonomic Neural System?
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Which component is NOT part of the structural organization of a neuron?
Which component is NOT part of the structural organization of a neuron?
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Study Notes
18.1 Neural System
- Animal nervous systems are composed of specialized cells called neurons
- Neurons detect, receive, and transmit stimuli
- Neural organization is simple in invertebrates (e.g., Hydra)
- Invertebrates have a network of neurons
- Insects have a brain and ganglia
- Vertebrates have a more developed nervous system
18.2 Human Neural System
- The human nervous system is divided into two parts: central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS)
- The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord
- The CNS processes information and controls the body
- The PNS comprises nerves connected to the CNS
- The PNS consists of afferent fibres and efferent fibres
- Afferent fibres transmit impulses from tissues/organs to the CNS
- Efferent fibres transmit impulses from the CNS to the tissues/organs
- The PNS is divided into somatic and autonomic systems
- Somatic system: impulses to skeletal muscles
- Autonomic system: impulses to involuntary organs and smooth muscles
- Further divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic systems
8.3 Neuron as Structural and Functional Unit
- A neuron is a microscopic structure with three main parts: cell body, dendrites, and axon
- The cell body contains cytoplasm with typical cell organelles and Nissl’s granules
- Dendrites are short fibres branching from the cell body
- Axons are also short fibers branching from the cell body that extend as long fibers
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Description
Test your knowledge on the organization and function of the nervous system, including the differences between invertebrate and vertebrate systems. This quiz covers the components of the human nervous system, including the central and peripheral systems, and how they interact with the body.
