Questions and Answers
The __________ division of the autonomic nervous system contains collateral ganglia.
Sympathetic
__________ neurons are usually involved in the motor pathway of the autonomic nervous system.
Two
The ________ is the major nerve of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.
Vagus nerve
What is not a feature of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?
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In which region(s) of the spinal cord does the parasympathetic division arise from?
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__________ neurons pass through white rami, while _________ neurons pass through gray rami.
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_________ neurons that pass through sympathetic chain ganglia without synapsing are called __________ nerves.
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Which of the following displays the correct order for a sympathetic axon to travel?
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What do sympathetic preganglionic neurons do?
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________ ganglia are part of the parasympathetic division.
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What is found in the white ramus communicans?
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Where would you expect to find the cell bodies of the postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division?
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What is the parasympathetic division?
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What is not a part of the enteric nervous system?
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Which of the following are characteristics of the parasympathetic system? (Select all that apply)
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The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system __________.
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What is the effector of the somatic nervous system?
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Sympathetic preganglionic axons synapse in all of the following structures, EXCEPT:
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What is a difference between the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions?
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A ganglion
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Study Notes
Autonomic Nervous System Overview
- The autonomic nervous system comprises two main divisions: sympathetic and parasympathetic.
- The sympathetic division contains collateral ganglia and is responsible for the body's fight-or-flight responses.
Neural Pathways
- The motor pathway of the autonomic nervous system typically involves two neurons: preganglionic and postganglionic.
- Preganglionic sympathetic neurons are myelinated and travel through white rami, whereas postganglionic neurons are unmyelinated and travel through gray rami.
Major Nerves
- The vagus nerve is the primary nerve associated with the parasympathetic division, influencing multiple organs.
- Parasympathetic fibers originate from the brainstem and sacral regions, classified as craniosacral division.
Characteristics of Divisions
- Sympathetic division has short preganglionic fibers that synapse in either sympathetic chain or collateral ganglia.
- Preganglionic neurons passing through sympathetic chain ganglia without synapsing form splanchnic nerves.
Ascending Order of Sympathetic Axon Path
- The correct order for sympathetic axon travel is: lateral horn → spinal nerve → white ramus communicantes → sympathetic chain ganglia → gray ramus communicantes.
Postganglionic Neuron Characteristics
- Postganglionic neuron cell bodies are found in sympathetic chain ganglia and collateral ganglia.
- Terminal ganglia are associated with the parasympathetic division, located near or on effector organs.
Neurotransmitters
- The parasympathetic division primarily uses acetylcholine as its neurotransmitter, contrasting with the sympathetic division which has a diverse neurotransmitter system.
Somatic Nervous System
- The somatic nervous system directly innervates skeletal muscle, differentiating it from the autonomic nervous system which controls involuntary functions.
Unique Features
- The parasympathetic system enables salivation and other restorative processes.
- The sympathetic division induces responses like pupil dilation.
Differences and Unique Structures
- The parasympathetic division's origin is craniosacral, while the sympathetic division originates from the thoracolumbar region.
- A ganglion is defined as a cluster of neuron cell bodies situated outside the central nervous system (CNS).
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Description
Explore the components and functions of the autonomic nervous system, focusing on its sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. Learn about neural pathways, key nerves, and the characteristics of each division. This quiz will test your understanding of how this critical system influences bodily responses.
