Human Development and Confirmation Bias

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Questions and Answers

What is an example of confirmation bias?

Seeking out information that challenges existing beliefs

Acknowledging multiple viewpoints without preference

Choosing news sources that align with one's own opinions (correct)

Accepting facts without question

Why is it incorrect to believe that we only use 10% of our brain?

This concept is scientifically proven true

The brain has been functionally mapped accurately

Brain imaging shows activity in many areas during tasks (correct)

It is a widely accepted neurological theory

What does the scientific method prioritize in its approach?

Proving itself wrong through testing (correct)

Developing theories based on personal beliefs

Finding evidence that supports the theory

Proving a hypothesis correct

What is a key feature of longitudinal research design?

It follows the same subjects over an extended period Signup and view all the answers

What does pattern detection in random events signify about human cognition?

We often misconstrue randomness as order Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical principle ensures that participants are fully informed before participating in research?

Informed Consent Signup and view all the answers

How does replication in scientific research contribute to validity?

It helps confirm findings through repeated tests Signup and view all the answers

What role do hypotheses play in the scientific method?

They provide predictions to test the theory Signup and view all the answers

Match the following biases with their descriptions:

Confirmation Bias = Seeking information that confirms existing beliefs Pattern Detection = Seeing patterns in random events Social Media Echo Chambers = Engaging with like-minded opinions Slanted News Sources = Getting information from biased outlets Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms with their definitions in research methods:

Descriptive = Method that summarizes data without making predictions Correlational = Explores the relationship between two variables Experimental = Tests a hypothesis to establish cause and effect Longitudinal = Studies the same subjects over a long period Signup and view all the answers

Match the ethical principles in research to their meanings:

Informed Consent = Participants are fully aware of the research details Confidentiality = Ensuring participants' data is kept private Deception = Misleading participants only when necessary Debriefing = Providing participants with information after research Signup and view all the answers

Match the research designs with their characteristics:

Cross-Sectional = Studies different subjects at one point in time Longitudinal = Follows the same group over time Sequential = Combines elements of cross-sectional and longitudinal Experimental = Involves manipulating variables to observe effects Signup and view all the answers

Match the actions of science to their intentions:

Proving Wrong = Science aims to disprove its own theories Building on Facts = Research improves understanding over time Replication = Helps identify biases in findings Testing Hypotheses = Attempts to generate falsifiable predictions Signup and view all the answers

Match the examples with the biases they illustrate:

Social Media Echo Chambers = Following only friends with the same views Pattern Detection = Believing in astrology based on coincidences Getting News from Slanted Sources = Reading news from politically biased websites Confirmation Bias = Only reading studies that support personal beliefs Signup and view all the answers

Match Daniel Moynihan's quote with its interpretation:

You are entitled to your own opinion = Individual views can vary But not your own facts = Facts are objective and must be agreed upon A lot of ideas 'seem' true = Perception can be misleading Intuition isn't always reliable = Familiar ideas can feel correct but may not be Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of research with their focus areas:

Descriptive Research = Focuses on characterizing attributes Correlational Research = Determines associations between variables Experimental Research = Examines cause-and-effect relationships Longitudinal Research = Tracks changes over time Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Studying Human Development

Human development is studied by looking at facts, not opinions.
Many ideas seem true, but intuition is unreliable.
Examples include crime rates, vaccines, and cures for illnesses.
Intuition is unreliable because some things feel true because they are familiar.
Humans are biased for a good evolutionary reason; being biased helped us survive.

Confirmation Bias

People want information that confirms existing beliefs.
Examples are social media echo chambers and biased news sources.

Pattern Detection in Random Events

Humans like order and make sense of the chaotic world around us.
Sometimes we detect patterns where none exist.

Science Counters Biases

Science seeks to be correct, but also to be proven wrong.
Science tests theories using hypotheses and predictions.
Hypotheses must be able to be proven false.
Research improves understanding over time.
Replication helps identify and correct biases.

Research Methods

Descriptive research describes events or situations.
Correlational research looks for relationships among things.
Experimental research manipulates conditions to test hypotheses.

Researching Development

Cross-sectional research compares different groups at one point in time.
Longitudinal research compares the same group over time.
Sequential research studies multiple groups over time.

Ethics in Research

Research must not cause harm.
Participants must give informed consent.
Confidentiality must be maintained.
Deception may be used cautiously, with debriefing needed afterward.

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Description

Explore the fascinating dynamics of human development, confirmation bias, and the human tendency to detect patterns in randomness. This quiz delves into how biases shape our understanding of the world and the role of science in countering these biases. Test your knowledge on these critical concepts and improve your understanding of human behavior.