Human Being and its World vs Laws
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of axiology?

  • The study of legal systems
  • The study of values (correct)
  • The analysis of crime and punishment
  • The development of legal practices

    • Why should legal norms be justified?

  • To promote individual rights above collective interests
  • To maintain consistency with historical laws
  • To reflect societal values and reality (correct)
  • To enforce government authority over individuals

    • Which of the following is NOT listed as a core value?

  • Honesty
  • Profitability (correct)
  • Responsibility
  • Equality

    • What is a critical requirement for norms in relation to values?

    <p>Norms must be based on foundational values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Inherent values are defined as:

    <p>Values that are deeply rooted and intrinsic to human beings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Derecho?

    <p>It is a human phenomenon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of Justicia is correctly described by distributive justice?

    <p>The law applies to all.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the principle of seguridad jurídica entail?

    <p>There must be authorities; the principle of legality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is property related to human freedom and social order?

    <p>Property is linked to human freedom and social order.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does a judge have in the context of correctiva justicia?

    <p>To review specific cases and apply the law considering circumstances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is typically a characteristic of Derecho Legislado?

    <p>It is explicitly written and established.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Natural Law?

    <p>The ideals of rightful behavior and conduct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Positivism emphasize in the context of law?

    <p>The application of laws in specific situations and for specific individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of law is focused on individual rights and holds that rights belong to specific persons?

    <p>Derecho Subjetivo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents law that is in effect at a given time?

    <p>Derecho Vigente</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does freedom within the context of law entail?

    <p>The ability to exercise rights while fulfilling obligations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Derecho Natural imply about law?

    <p>It is considered inherent to human nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Justice defined in the content provided?

    <p>The willingness to give what is due to each individual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the concept of Law in this context?

    <p>A system that sometimes faces conflicts and is influenced by social values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the rules that comprise the law and ensure that rights are anchored in legal standards?

    <p>Normo Jurídica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Ser Real' refer to in the context of human beings?

    <p>A perceived or observable state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is associated with 'Leyes Naturales'?

    <p>Descriptive in nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Mundo del Deber Ser' imply?

    <p>A realm of ideal states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining feature of 'Leyes Sociales'?

    <p>Often has multiple exceptions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement aligns with the nature of natural laws?

    <p>They are empirical and verifiable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term suggests a focus on value judgments related to laws?

    <p>Axiología</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Completo y necesario' signify in the context of natural laws?

    <p>Complete and essential to describe laws</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of 'Leyes Sociales'?

    <p>Descriptive in nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Norma Jurídica' refer to?

    <p>Legal norm/rule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a legal 'Hipótesis'?

    <p>To propose a conclusion from premises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In legal terms, what does 'Nomenclatura' refer to?

    <p>A system for naming legal concepts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'FRAUDE' translate to in legal contexts?

    <p>Fraud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which document is abbreviated as 'CP'?

    <p>Código Penal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nature of moral norms?

    <p>Autonomous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of norm is considered coercible?

    <p>Social Norm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the implementation of moral norms aim to achieve?

    <p>Seek goodness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following norms is aimed at providing a healthy coexistence?

    <p>Social Norm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What consequence is associated with not following social norms?

    <p>Coercive penalties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Human Being and its World

    • "Ser Humano" (Human Being) is at the center of a mind map.
    • "Mundo del Ser" (World of Being) describes different perspectives on existence.
    • "Ser Real" (Real Being) represents the actual state of things.
    • "Mundo del Deber Ser" (World of "Ought To Be") represents the ideal state or what should be.
    • "Juicios enunciativos" (Declarative Judgments) suggests evaluating statements about reality.
    • "Seres humanos" (Human Beings) is a further classification of humanity.
    • "Sociedad" (Society) encompasses the context of human interaction and groups.

    Laws and their Natures

    • "Leyes Naturales" (Natural Laws) describe natural phenomena.
    • They are descriptive, meaning they explain observed events.
    • No exceptions are allowed.
    • "Todo es comprobable" (Everything is verifiable), implying that natural laws are based on provable phenomena.
    • Natural laws are complete and necessary.
    • They are considered TRUE.
    • "Leyes Sociales" (Social Laws) describe rules established in societies.
    • They are prescriptive - dictating what should be done.
    • They allow for multiple exceptions.
    • They are obligatory to follow.
    • Social laws are valid for a specific time and place.
    • Axiology is the study of values.
    • Legal norms should align with societal values and reality.
    • Norms should be based on core values.
    • Core values include security, justice, equality, liberty, responsibility, respect, dignity, solidarity, honesty, and order.
    • Values should be consistent and intrinsic to human beings.

    Law: Rights and Obligations

    • Law exists but faces conflicts sometimes.
    • Law is made up of norms and social values.
    • Regulates the external behavior of individuals.
    • Natural law focuses on ideal behaviors and conduct.
    • Positivism applies existing rules to specific people and situations.
    • Freedom allows individuals to exercise rights and fulfill obligations.
    • Rights of others limit personal freedom.
    • Justice is giving each person what they deserve.

    Derecho: Concepts and Relationships

    • Derecho (Law) is a human creation that is ordered according to reason.
    • It aligns with reality.
    • Property is connected to human freedom and social order.
    • Derecho needs formalization (written rules).
    • It exists in the form of social order.

    Justicia: Types of Justice

    • Distributive justice (Todos - All).
      • The law applies equally to everyone.
    • Particular/Corrective (Conmutativa) justice (individuals)
      • The judge reviews a specific case and applies the law.
      • It considers specific circumstances.
      • It must adhere to the overall laws.
    • The state should provide opportunities and support for its citizens.
    • Security is ensured by legal authorities.
    • The principle of legality: only what the law allows is permissible.
    • Freedom is ensured by law.

    Aspects of Derecho

    • Derecho Legislado (Statutory Law) - explicit rules.
    • Derecho Consuetudinario (Customary Law) - based on customs.
    • Derecho Objetivo (Objective Law) - rules regulating actions.
    • Derecho Subjetivo (Subjective Law) - individual rights.
    • Normo Jurídica (Legal Norm) - rule of law.
    • Derecho Vigente (Valid/Effective Law) - law currently in effect.
    • Derecho Natural (Natural Law) - inherent to human nature.
    • Derecho Positivo (Positive Law) - created through an action.
    • Facultad de hacer o no hacer (Ability to do or not do) - linked to objective law.
    • Subjectio - associated with law.

    Norms and their Types

    • Norma Moral (Moral Norm) - ethical autonomy (free will).
    • Norma Religiosa (Religious Norm) - dictated by a higher power.
    • Norma Social (Social Norm) - dictated by society.
    • Norma Jurídica (Legal Norm) - legal rule.
    • Hipótesis (Hypothesis) - a legal premise used in legal proceedings.
    • Nomenclatura (Nomenclature) - system for naming legal terms.
    • Ejemplo (Example) - an illustration of a legal concept.
    • Código Penal Federal (Federal Criminal Code).
    • FRAUDE (Fraud).
    • CP (Código Penal - Criminal Code).

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    Description

    Explore the intricate relationships between human existence and various laws in this quiz. Delve into concepts of 'Ser Humano', 'Mundo del Deber Ser', and the distinctions between natural and social laws. Test your understanding of these fundamental ideas and their implications in our world.

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