Human Anatomy and Physiology Quiz

Squad 1 Questions

• The loop of Henle is composed of the thin descending limb and the thick ascending limb.
• The liver is located in the right upper quadrant.
• The ureter connects the kidney to the bladder.
• The external urethral sphincter is a voluntary muscle (True).
• The digestive tract signals the release of hormones related to hunger and fullness (True).

Squad 2 Questions

• The pituitary gland secretes 9 hormones.
• Hormones can be classified into amino acid derivatives, peptide hormones, and lipid derivatives.
• Oxytocin can help control bleeding after childbirth.
• One function of the hypothalamus is sending signals to the pituitary gland to control hormone release.
• Type 1 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance in the pancreas.
• The heart releases a secondary hormone.

Metabolism and Energetics

• Metabolism is the process of energy transformation in the body.
• The goal of metabolism is to balance energy production and usage.
• Anabolism creates new molecules for growth and repair.
• Catabolism breaks down fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.
• The liver is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances (True).
• Kidneys regulate fluid, pH, and electrolytes in metabolism.
• 40% of energy released during catabolism is captured by ATP.

Cellular Respiration and Diabetes

• Cellular respiration provides most of the ATP in cells (True).
• Diabetes is a metabolic disease where the body doesn't produce or use insulin properly.
• Mitochondrial disease is the inability of mitochondria to produce energy.

Squad 4 Questions (Cell Components and Mitosis)

• Mitosis (PMAT) involves four phases (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase) where cells duplicate.
• The three fundamental components of an atom are protons, neutrons, and electrons.
• The three muscle tissue types are skeletal, cardiac, and smooth.
• Molecules sharing electrons to become stable are called covalent bonds.
• A molecule is one or more elements bonded together.

Squad 4 Questions (Lymphatic System)

• Lymph is a fluid containing white blood cells that circulates through lymphatic vessels(part of the lymphatic/immune system).
• The spleen filters blood and helps fight infections in the lymphatic system.
• The primary function of the lymphatic system is to maintain fluid balance and protect against infection.
• White blood cells are primarily involved in the immune response.
• Lymph nodes filter lymph and trap pathogens.
• T cells attack infected cells.
• Tonsils trap and remove pathogens that enter the throat.
• Lymphatic vessels collect and transport lymph.
• Lymphedema is the swelling due to lymph accumulation.
• The thymus plays a role in T cell maturation in the lymphatic system.