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Questions and Answers
Which gland releases the hormone cortisol?
What hormone is released by the testes?
Which hormone is released by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates milk production?
Where is the hormone vasopressin (ADH) released from?
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Which hormone is released by the ovaries?
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What is a potential consequence of over-secretion of Growth Hormone (GH) in adults?
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Which hormone regulates the growth of mammary glands and milk production?
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Which hormone stimulates the contraction of smooth muscles, including the uterus during childbirth?
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What happens if there is low secretion of Growth Hormone (GH) in the body?
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Which hormone plays a key role in reducing water loss through urine?
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Which condition is associated with an impairment affecting the synthesis or release of Anti-diuretic Hormone (ADH)?
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Which part of the brain is the pituitary gland attached to by a stalk?
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What hormone is produced by the neurohypophysis?
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Which of the following is a hormone produced by the adenohypophysis?
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Which hormone stimulates milk production in the mammary glands?
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What is the alternative name for the posterior pituitary?
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Which part of the pituitary gland releases growth hormone?
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Study Notes
Endocrine System
- The hypothalamus produces oxytocin and vasopressin (ADH)
- The anterior pituitary gland produces TSH, ACTH, growth hormone, prolactin, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone
- The thyroid gland produces thyroid hormone
- The adrenal glands produce cortisol
- The testes produce testosterone
- The ovaries produce estrogen and progesterone
Effects of Pituitary Gland Hormones
Growth Hormone
- Over-secretion of GH leads to gigantism
- Under-secretion of GH leads to pituitary dwarfism
- Excess secretion of GH in adults can cause acromegaly, leading to severe disfigurement
Prolactin
- Regulates growth of mammary glands and formation of milk
Oxytocin
- Stimulates contraction of smooth muscles
- Stimulates uterine contraction during childbirth and milk ejection from mammary glands in females
Anti-diuretic Hormone (ADH)
- Acts on kidneys to stimulate resorption of water and electrolytes
- Reduces water loss through urine (diuresis)
- Impairment of ADH synthesis or release leads to Diabetes Insipidus, characterized by water loss and dehydration
Pituitary Gland
- Located in the sella tursica, attached to the hypothalamus by a stalk
- Divided into adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis
- Produces various hormones, including oxytocin, ADH, growth hormone, prolactin, TSH, ACTH, and gonadotrophic hormones
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Description
This quiz covers the functions of the endocrine system, including the hormones produced by various glands in the body.
