History of Science and Technology

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Questions and Answers

What method did Louis Pasteur develop that is significant in the field of food safety?

Refining petroleum

Hand disinfection

Pasteurization (correct)

Vaccination

Who is credited with the development of vaccination to induce immunity?

Albert Einstein

Louis Pasteur

Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis

Edward Jenner (correct)

What important agricultural achievement is demonstrated by the Banaue Rice Terraces?

Early sailing technology

Efficient government laboratories

Mining expertise

Advanced agricultural engineering (correct)

What role did parish schools play during the Spanish Occupation Era in the Philippines?

They served as the first educational establishments for boys and girls. Signup and view all the answers

Which institution is recognized as the first in charge of biochemical studies in the Philippines?

Bureau of Government Laboratories Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Magna Carta for Scientists?

To provide additional benefits to science and technology employees. Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant contribution of ancient Filipinos to agriculture?

Creating sophisticated farming techniques Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is associated with the Hanuno’o characters of Mangyans in Mindoro?

Doctrina Christiana Signup and view all the answers

Which pre-colonial ships were prominent in the Philippines?

Balangay and Karakoa Signup and view all the answers

What was a critical development in transportation noted during the Modern Age in the Philippines?

Faster means of transportation Signup and view all the answers

Which ancient civilization is credited with creating the first writing system using triangular symbols?

Sumerians Signup and view all the answers

What technology did ancient Egyptians use for lifting water?

Shadoof Signup and view all the answers

Which invention is attributed to Johann Gutenberg?

Printing Press Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant contribution of the Greeks to technology?

Watermills Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the Antikythera Mechanism?

Calendar and astrological purposes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following inventions is NOT attributed to the ancient Egyptians?

Watermill Signup and view all the answers

Which invention significantly impacted air travel technology?

Airplane Signup and view all the answers

What role did the printing press play in society?

Facilitated mass communication Signup and view all the answers

Which civilization is known for the accidental discovery of gunpowder?

Chinese Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a major advancement in science and technology during the Middle Ages?

Emergence of scientific thinking Signup and view all the answers

Who established the first pediatric hospital in the Philippines?

Fe Del Mundo Signup and view all the answers

What significant invention is Gregorio Zara known for?

Alcohol-fueled airplane engine Signup and view all the answers

Which organization was established in 1901 to address the need for public school teachers in the Philippines?

Philippine Normal School Signup and view all the answers

Which act provides additional benefits to science and technology employees in the Philippines?

Republic Act 8439 Signup and view all the answers

Who is recognized as the Father of Modern Ophthalmology in the Philippines?

Germiniano De Ocampo Signup and view all the answers

What type of products did Maria Orosa develop that has become famous in the Philippines?

Banana ketchup Signup and view all the answers

What is the S&T Scholarship Law of 1994 known as?

Republic Act 7687 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following contributions is attributed to Luz Oliveros-Belardo?

Extraction of new essential oils Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym NSTA stand for in the context of Philippine science and technology?

National Science and Technology Authority Signup and view all the answers

What type of foods and products did Maria Orosa innovate to help combat nutritional deficiencies?

Rice bran cookies Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Timekeeping and Money

Mechanical clocks were developed for accurate timekeeping.
Jiaozi, paper money introduced in 17th-century China, revolutionized trade and economy.

Science and Technology in the Philippines: Historical Overview

Pre-Colonial Period: Babaylans and Albularyos practiced healing rituals.
Modern Age: Increased population demand led to:
- Accelerated production of goods
- Improved transportation methods
- Enhanced communication and computation capabilities

Key Innovations and Contributors

Pasteurization: Developed by Louis Pasteur to prevent spoilage in dairy.
Handwashing: Ignaz Semmelweis discovered the importance of hygiene in reducing puerperal fever.
Vaccination: Edward Jenner introduced vaccination techniques to trigger immunity.
Petroleum Refinery: Vital for powering automobiles and factories.

Educational Developments during Spanish Occupation

Emergence of parish schools influenced by Spanish colonization:
- Colegio de San Ignacio: First school for boys.
- Colegio de Santa Potenciana: First school for girls.
- Other notable institutions: Beaterio de Santa Catalina de Siena, Colegio de Santa Isabel, Universidad de Santo Tomas.

Science Advances in the American Period

Establishment of Bureau of Government Laboratories initiated biochemical studies.
Increase in educational institutions focused on science and technology.

Notable Filipino Scientists

Dr. Fe Del Mundo: Pioneer pediatrician, founded the first children’s hospital in the Philippines, and invented the Bamboo Incubator.
Maria Orosa: Chemist known for banana ketchup, health-enhancing food products, and contributions to food science.
Gregorio Zara: Invented the first two-way videophone and worked on alcohol-fueled engines.
Germiniano de Ocampo: Father of modern ophthalmology who established the first eye hospital in the Philippines.

Post-Commonwealth Developments

Science and Technology Agenda for National Development (STAND) established in 1993.
Republic Act 8439: Magna Carta for Science and Technology, improving benefits for science and technology workers.
Republic Act 7687: S&T Scholarship Law providing education for talented students.

Ancient Contributions to Science

Cuneiform: Early writing system representing words and symbols used by Sumerians.
Wheel: Revolutionized transportation and warfare from ancient civilizations.
Papyrus: Early paper technology developed by Egyptians from river plants.
Introduction of innovations like the printing press by Johann Gutenberg, enhancing information dissemination.

Impact of Scientific Advancements

Emphasis on evaluating the cultural, political, and economic implications of scientific and technological developments through history.

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Description

Explore key innovations and contributions in science and technology throughout history, from ancient timekeeping methods to modern advancements in hygiene and vaccination. Delve into the educational developments during the Spanish occupation and how these shaped the landscape of knowledge in various cultures.