History of Psychology: Structuralism, Functionalism, and New Science
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Questions and Answers

Who is credited with establishing the first journal devoted to publishing on psychology?

  • John Watson
  • Wiliam Wundt (correct)
  • Sigmund Freud
  • Edward Titchener

Which psychologist treats mental disorders and is known for the psychoanalytic explanation of personality, motivation, and mental disorders?

  • John Watson
  • Sigmund Freud (correct)
  • William James
  • Edward Titchener

Who conducted the famous 'Little Albert' experiment, where a child was conditioned to fear white objects by associating them with a loud noise?

  • B.F. Skinner
  • Edward Titchener
  • John Watson (correct)
  • William James

Who believed that psychology should investigate the function or purpose of consciousness?

<p>William James (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which psychologist believed that inner mental processes cannot be studied scientifically and are a waste of time?

<p>B.F. Skinner (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who established structuralism and aimed to identify the fundamental components of conscious experience?

<p>Edward Titchener (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for creating the real-self and ideal-self concepts?

<p>Carl Rogers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which psychological perspective emphasizes that the unconsciousness determines behavior?

<p>Psychoanalytic psychology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to humanism, what determines behavior in humans?

<p>Unique aspects and free will (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which psychological perspective focuses on how humans mentally process information?

<p>Cognitive psychology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who launched the concept of positive psychology, emphasizing positive experiences?

<p>Martin Seligman (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theme in psychology suggests that behavior is shaped by cultural heritage?

<p>Theme 5: Behavior shaped by culture heritage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the evolutionary perspective, what determines behavioral patterns in humans and animals?

<p>How they evolve on behavioral patterns (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which psychological perspective believes that behavior is determined by the effects of the environment?

<p>Behavioral psychology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of human existence does positive psychology seek to understand?

<p>Positive individual traits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who are considered principal contributors to the field of evolutionary psychology?

<p>David Buss, Martin Daly, Margo Wilson, Leda Cosmides, John Tooby (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with establishing the first journal devoted to publishing on psychology?

<p>William Wundt (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which psychologist is known for treating mental disorders and providing a psychoanalytic explanation of personality, motivation, and mental disorders?

<p>Sigmund Freud (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who conducted the famous 'Little Albert' experiment, conditioning a child to fear white objects by associating them with a loud noise?

<p>John Watson (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to behaviorism, who believed that inner mental processes cannot be studied scientifically and are a waste of time?

<p>John Watson (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who wanted to identify the fundamental components of conscious experience and established structuralism in psychology?

<p>Edward Titchener (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to functionalism, who believed that psychology should investigate the function or purpose of consciousness?

<p>William James (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main belief of humanism?

<p>All humans have free will and will fulfill their full potential (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for creating the real-self and ideal-self concepts in psychology?

<p>Carl Rogers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which psychological perspective emphasizes that behavior is shaped by culture heritage?

<p>Humanistic perspective (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the evolutionary perspective, what determines behavioral patterns in humans and animals?

<p>Inherited genetic traits (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which psychological perspective believes that inner mental processes cannot be studied scientifically and are a waste of time?

<p>Behavioral perspective (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which psychologist treats mental disorders and is known for the psychoanalytic explanation of personality, motivation, and mental disorders?

<p>Sigmund Freud (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who launched the concept of positive psychology, emphasizing positive experiences?

<p>Martin Seligman (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which area of interest does positive psychology seek to understand?

<p><strong>Positive</strong> individual traits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to humanism, what determines behavior in humans?

<p><strong>Free will</strong> (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theme in psychology suggests that behavior is determined by many causes?

<p><strong>Theme 4: Behavior determined by many causes</strong> (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

William Wundt's Contribution

Established the first psychology journal.

Sigmund Freud's Focus

Developed psychoanalytic theory to explain personality and mental disorders.

John Watson's Experiment

Conducted 'Little Albert' experiment, conditioning fear.

William James's Belief

Believed psychology should study the purpose of consciousness.

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B.F. Skinner's View

Believed inner mental processes are unscientific.

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Edward Titchener's Goal

Established structuralism, identifying components of conscious experience.

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Carl Rogers' Concepts

Created the concepts of real-self and ideal-self.

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Psychoanalytic Perspective

Behavior is determined by unconscious processes.

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Humanism's View

Behavior is determined by free will and unique aspects.

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Cognitive Psychology

Focuses on how humans mentally process information.

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Martin Seligman's Contribution

Launched positive psychology, emphasizing positive experiences.

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Culture's Influence (Theme 5)

Behavior is shaped by cultural heritage.

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Evolutionary Perspective

Behavioral patterns evolve over time.

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Behavioral Perspective

Behavior is determined by environmental effects.

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Positive Psychology's Aim

Understanding positive individual traits and strength.

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Evolutionary Psychology Pioneers

Key figures in evolutionary psychology.

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Behaviorism's Core Belief

Inner mental processes cannot be scientifically studied.

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Humanisms Main Belief

All humans possess free will, strive for their full potential.

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Multiple Causation (Theme 4)

Behavior is determined by many interactive factors.

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Evolutionary Perspective

Behavior is determined by inherited genetic traits.

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Study Notes

Founders and Contributors

  • Wilhelm Wundt is credited with establishing the first journal devoted to publishing on psychology.
  • Sigmund Freud is the psychologist who treats mental disorders and is known for the psychoanalytic explanation of personality, motivation, and mental disorders.
  • John B. Watson conducted the famous 'Little Albert' experiment, where a child was conditioned to fear white objects by associating them with a loud noise.

Psychological Perspectives

  • Functionalism: William James believed that psychology should investigate the function or purpose of consciousness.
  • Structuralism: Wilhelm Wundt established structuralism and aimed to identify the fundamental components of conscious experience.
  • Behaviorism: John B. Watson believed that inner mental processes cannot be studied scientifically and are a waste of time.
  • Humanism: Carl Rogers believed that behavior in humans is determined by self-actualization and personal growth.
  • Psychoanalytic: Sigmund Freud's perspective emphasizes that the unconsciousness determines behavior.
  • Cognitive: This perspective focuses on how humans mentally process information.
  • Evolutionary: This perspective suggests that behavioral patterns in humans and animals are determined by evolutionary adaptations.
  • Cultural: This theme in psychology suggests that behavior is shaped by cultural heritage.

Positive Psychology

  • Martin Seligman launched the concept of positive psychology, emphasizing positive experiences.
  • Positive psychology seeks to understand the area of human flourishing and well-being.

Key Concepts

  • Carl Rogers is responsible for creating the real-self and ideal-self concepts.
  • The evolutionary perspective suggests that behavioral patterns in humans and animals are determined by evolutionary adaptations.
  • David Buss and Robert Trivers are considered principal contributors to the field of evolutionary psychology.

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Test your knowledge on the early history of psychology, including the concepts of Structuralism, Functionalism, and the emergence of psychology as a new science.

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