55 Questions
Which group highly values their connection with the environment, according to Betty Bastien?
Indigenous peoples
What is seen as a significant source of cultural distress for Indigenous communities?
Environmental degradation
Who took the lead in providing healthcare for Indigenous peoples during the 1870s and 1880s?
Churches and missionary organizations
Which fish species preferred shallower waters for spawning?
Pickerel
When did the government construct the Gull Harbour hatchery near Hecla?
1914
What role did hatcheries play in Indigenous health?
Providing nutrition
What led to the replacement of the Gull Harbour hatchery?
Transportation issues
Which factor led to the increased demand for fish after 1850?
Adoption of dogs as a means of transportation
What impact did industrial export fisheries have on freshwater ecosystems?
Immediate and detrimental impact
What negative effect did industrial fishing have on fish populations?
Preferentially harvesting large, fast-growing fish
How did industrial fishing impact water quality in lakes and rivers?
Deteriorated water quality due to fish waste dumping
Which group of historians have highlighted the unequal access to medical and healthcare services for Indigenous peoples?
Maureen Lux and Mary-Ellen Kelm
According to Lux, how did Indian hospitals operate?
As places of confinement and control
What has been the focus of historians when examining the role of the fur trade in Indigenous peoples' lives?
Decline of the fur trade as a primary cause of health issues and starvation
What has been overlooked in Canadian, Indigenous, and environmental histories?
Fish
During the construction of the new hatchery in 1936, many workers contracted dysentery, a gastrointestinal disorder that can be caused by contaminated water. Butler believed this ailment was related to decomposing algae or the release of toxins in the water and considered it to be a seasonal sickness that typically subsided after freeze-up.
Contaminated water
- How did Butler perceive dysentery during the construction of the new hatchery in 1936?
As a seasonal sickness
- What factors may have contributed to the deaths related to dysentery in the region?
Malnutrition and limited access to healthcare
Which of the following fishing technologies was used by Indigenous communities in the pre-contact era?
Gillnets
What was the primary reason for the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) to employ expert fishermen and strategically position their trading posts near productive fishing sites?
To support the fur trade
What was the main concern of HBC Governor George Simpson regarding the export fishery established at Fort William (Thunder Bay) by retired company servants?
Diversion of resources from the fur trade
Which disease is primarily transmitted through contaminated food and water?
Typhoid
How many people were affected by the epidemic at Dauphin River or after returning to their reserves?
26
What was the age group with the highest number of affected individuals in the epidemic?
Under 20 years old
Which corporation was the first to influence the food economies of Indigenous communities in the North?
Hudson's Bay Company (HBC)
What aspect of the Hudson's Bay Company's (HBC) history has been overlooked in previous accounts?
Introduction of market-based foods
Which groups were more interested in conservation or sport hunting rather than Indigenous rights or needs?
Groups supporting restrictions
According to the text, what are some health issues that result from chronic malnutrition in northern Indigenous communities?
All of the above
According to the text, what historical entities utilized food to govern Indigenous populations in Canada?
All of the above
What is the significance of investigating food insecurity crises in the North?
All of the above
During the investigation of the outbreak at Dauphin River, the living conditions in the community were primarily focused on because
Both a and b
What were the concerns raised by A.G. Cunningham, the director of Game and Fisheries, about the living conditions at Dauphin River?
They were unsanitary
According to the text, what were the detrimental effects of industrial fishing activities in the Canadian Northwest?
Depletion of fish populations
What sanitation issues were identified in both the settlement and the hatchery at Dauphin River?
Improper waste disposal
What did the United Nations' Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food report about food insecurity among Indigenous populations in Canada?
60% of on-reserve Indigenous households in northern Manitoba and 70% of Inuit adults in Nunavut experienced food insecurity
What oversight is evident in the design of the hatchery's sanitation system?
Lack of consideration for Indigenous uses of the lake
What is the definition of food insecurity?
The lack of regular access to enough nutritious food for a healthy life
What was the cost of the Revised Northern Food Basket designed to sustain a family of four for a week in September 2011?
$546 Canadian
Which of the following initiatives is NOT mentioned as a way Indigenous communities address food insecurity?
Local grocery stores
What is the Feeding My Family Facebook group primarily focused on?
All of the above
What were some negative outcomes of the federal government's resettlement of Indigenous peoples on reserves?
All of the above
Which company took over the Hudson's Bay Company's (HBC) Northern Department in 1987?
The Northwest Company (NWC)
What was the primary reason for the HBC to expand its Fur Trade Department into general merchandise and food in 1959?
A decline in international fur trade prices
What is the population range that the Northern Store aims to serve?
500 to 5000 people
Which company is described as a virtual monopoly for most goods and services in northern Indigenous communities?
The Northwest Company (NWC)
What services does the Northern Store provide in addition to selling food and general merchandise?
Banking and postal services
What were the types of goods that Indigenous women in Northern Canada were limited to purchasing with family allowances?
Pablum and pork luncheon meat
What impact did the Family Allowance Program have on Indigenous children's education?
It led to the removal of children and placement in residential schools
What was a common occurrence among Inuit women in Pond Inlet and Repulse Bay?
Running out of money to buy food
What does Glen Coulthard argue about the latest form of Canadian colonialism?
It aims to discipline Indigenous life according to market principles
What is the consequence of Indigenous communities not complying with the First Nations Financial Transparency Act (FNFTA)?
Their funding for essential needs may be cut
What was the first program implemented by the Canadian federal government to reduce the high cost of food in northern communities?
Family Allowance Program
What was the main reason for the underutilization of the Food Mail Program (FMP) subsidy by northern communities?
All of the above
What was the purpose of the Thrifty Food Basket, later renamed the Northern Food Basket and then the Revised Northern Food Basket?
To meet the nutrient requirements of a family of four
What influenced the subsequent modifications made to the food basket in 2004–05 and April 2007?
All of the above
Quiz: Test your knowledge on the historical impact of dog adoption and fish harvesting after 1850. Explore the factors that led to the widespread exploitation of freshwater fish and the increased demand for fish as a means of winter transportation.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
