Podcast
Questions and Answers
What type of ganglia serves as relay stations to transmit nerve impulses?
What type of ganglia serves as relay stations to transmit nerve impulses?
- Sympathetic ganglion
- Sensory ganglia
- Dorsal root ganglia
- Autonomic ganglia (correct)
Which type of nerve fibers carry information from internal body regions and the environment to the CNS?
Which type of nerve fibers carry information from internal body regions and the environment to the CNS?
- Efferent fibers
- Sensory nerve fibers (correct)
- Sympathetic nerve fibers
- Autonomic nerve fibers
What is the function of Meissner's Plexus (submucosal plexus)?
What is the function of Meissner's Plexus (submucosal plexus)?
- Provides motor innervation of smooth muscle
- Responsible for sensitivity to vibration and pressure
- Provides secretory innervation of goblet cells (correct)
- Responds to mechanical pressure or distortion
Which type of ganglia may lack distinct capsules, forming a loosely organized plexus within the surrounding connective tissue?
Which type of ganglia may lack distinct capsules, forming a loosely organized plexus within the surrounding connective tissue?
What do Pacinian corpuscles respond to?
What do Pacinian corpuscles respond to?
Where are Auerbach's plexus (myenteric plexus) found?
Where are Auerbach's plexus (myenteric plexus) found?
What is the main function of Autonomic nerves in the Autonomic Nervous System?
What is the main function of Autonomic nerves in the Autonomic Nervous System?
What do mechanoreceptors respond to?
What do mechanoreceptors respond to?
What is the function of Meissner Corpuscle (or tactile corpuscle)?
What is the function of Meissner Corpuscle (or tactile corpuscle)?
What is the main function of the peripheral nervous system?
What is the main function of the peripheral nervous system?
Which of the following is NOT a part of the peripheral nervous system?
Which of the following is NOT a part of the peripheral nervous system?
What is the main role of glial cells in nerve tissue?
What is the main role of glial cells in nerve tissue?
Which type of nerve cells exhibits mitotic activity?
Which type of nerve cells exhibits mitotic activity?
What is the function of dendrites in nerve cells?
What is the function of dendrites in nerve cells?
Where are the synaptic boutons found?
Where are the synaptic boutons found?
What separates nerve cells from connective tissue in the nervous tissue?
What separates nerve cells from connective tissue in the nervous tissue?
Which part of the nervous system controls voluntary movements?
Which part of the nervous system controls voluntary movements?
What is the main function of oligodendrocytes in the nervous system?
What is the main function of oligodendrocytes in the nervous system?
Where are satellite cells found in the nervous system?
Where are satellite cells found in the nervous system?
What is the role of microglia in the nervous system?
What is the role of microglia in the nervous system?
Which type of nerve fibers are individually surrounded by Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system?
Which type of nerve fibers are individually surrounded by Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system?
What is the function of ependymal cells in the nervous system?
What is the function of ependymal cells in the nervous system?
Where are Pacinian corpuscles commonly found in the nervous system?
Where are Pacinian corpuscles commonly found in the nervous system?
What is the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?
What is the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?
Which type of ganglia may lack distinct capsules and form a loosely organized plexus within surrounding connective tissue?
Which type of ganglia may lack distinct capsules and form a loosely organized plexus within surrounding connective tissue?
Which type of ganglia may lack distinct capsules, forming a loosely organized plexus within the surrounding connective tissue?
Which type of ganglia may lack distinct capsules, forming a loosely organized plexus within the surrounding connective tissue?
Where are satellite cells found in the nervous system?
Where are satellite cells found in the nervous system?
What separates nerve cells from connective tissue in the nervous tissue?
What separates nerve cells from connective tissue in the nervous tissue?
What is the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?
What is the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?
Which type of nerve fibers are individually surrounded by Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system?
Which type of nerve fibers are individually surrounded by Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system?
What do Pacinian corpuscles respond to?
What do Pacinian corpuscles respond to?
What do mechanoreceptors respond to?
What do mechanoreceptors respond to?
What is the function of Meissner Corpuscle (or tactile corpuscle)?
What is the function of Meissner Corpuscle (or tactile corpuscle)?
What is the main role of glial cells in nerve tissue?
What is the main role of glial cells in nerve tissue?
Where are the synaptic boutons found?
Where are the synaptic boutons found?
Which type of ganglia are responsible for receiving afferent impulses that go to the Central Nervous System?
Which type of ganglia are responsible for receiving afferent impulses that go to the Central Nervous System?
Where are Pacinian corpuscles commonly found in the nervous system?
Where are Pacinian corpuscles commonly found in the nervous system?
What is the main function of oligodendrocytes in the nervous system?
What is the main function of oligodendrocytes in the nervous system?
What separates nerve cells from connective tissue in the nervous tissue?
What separates nerve cells from connective tissue in the nervous tissue?
What do mechanoreceptors respond to?
What do mechanoreceptors respond to?
What is the role of microglia in the nervous system?
What is the role of microglia in the nervous system?
Where are Auerbach's plexus (myenteric plexus) found?
Where are Auerbach's plexus (myenteric plexus) found?
What is the function of Meissner's Plexus (submucosal plexus)?
What is the function of Meissner's Plexus (submucosal plexus)?
What is the main function of Autonomic nerves in the Autonomic Nervous System?
What is the main function of Autonomic nerves in the Autonomic Nervous System?
Which part of the nervous system controls voluntary movements?
Which part of the nervous system controls voluntary movements?
What is the primary function of Schwann cells in the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?
What is the primary function of Schwann cells in the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?
What is the main role of oligodendrocytes in the nervous system?
What is the main role of oligodendrocytes in the nervous system?
What separates nerve cells from connective tissue in the nervous tissue?
What separates nerve cells from connective tissue in the nervous tissue?
What is the function of Meissner's Plexus (submucosal plexus)?
What is the function of Meissner's Plexus (submucosal plexus)?
Where are the synaptic boutons found?
Where are the synaptic boutons found?
What do mechanoreceptors respond to?
What do mechanoreceptors respond to?
What is the main function of Autonomic nerves in the Autonomic Nervous System?
What is the main function of Autonomic nerves in the Autonomic Nervous System?
Where are satellite cells found in the nervous system?
Where are satellite cells found in the nervous system?
What is the function of ependymal cells in the nervous system?
What is the function of ependymal cells in the nervous system?
Which type of nerve fibers are individually surrounded by Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system?
Which type of nerve fibers are individually surrounded by Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system?
Study Notes
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The cell body (soma) of a neuron contains a large nucleus with a prominent nucleolus and is surrounded by perinuclear cytoplasm rich in rough endoplasmic reticulum and free ribosomes.
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Dendrites are projections from the cell body that branch many times and provide locations for other neurons to communicate with the cell body. They receive information from other neurons at synapses.
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The axon is a long process that arises from the cell body and conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body. Its diameter is related to conduction velocity.
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Glial cells outnumber neurons in the mammalian brain and support neuronal survival and activities. There are six major kinds of glial cells, including astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells, Schwann cells, and satellite cells.
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In the peripheral nervous system (PNS), peripheral nerves are bundles of nerve fibers (axons) individually surrounded by Schwann cells and connective tissue.
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Myelinated fibers in the PNS have a myelin sheath produced by Schwann cells, which insulates the axon and facilitates the formation of action potentials. Unmyelinated fibers do not have a myelin sheath.
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Axons and Schwann cells are enclosed within layers of connective tissue, including the endoneurium, perineurium, and epineurium. These layers protect the nerve and regulate diffusion into the nerve.
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The peripheral nervous system establishes communication between centers in the CNS and the sense organs and effectors, and generally contains both afferent (sensory) and efferent (motor) fibers.
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The cell body (perykarion) of a neuron contains a large, euchromatic nucleus with a prominent nucleolus and perinuclear cytoplasm rich in rough endoplasmic reticulum and free ribosomes.
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Dendrites are projection from the cell body that branch many times and provide locations for other neurons to communicate with the cell body. Dendrites receive information from other neurons at synapses.
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The axon is a single, long process that arises from the cell body, much thinner than the dendrites, and its diameter is related to conduction velocity. It is covered by myelin sheath in the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) and Schwann cells.
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Glial cells support and protect neurons, outnumbering them by ten times in the mammalian brain. There are six major types of glial cells: astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells, Schwann cells, and satellite cells.
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In the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS), Schwann cells envelop nerve fibers, and they produce a myelin sheath that insulates the axon, allowing for faster action potential propagation and facilitating regeneration of damaged fibers.
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Satellite cells are cuboidal or squamous glial cells of ganglia that provide metabolic and mechanical support to the neurons.
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The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is composed of nerves, ganglia, and nerve endings, which are bundles of nerve fibers (axons) individually surrounded by Schwann cells and connective tissue.
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Myelinated fibers in the PNS are covered by a multilayered myelin sheath produced by Schwann cells, which insulates the axon and facilitates action potential propagation.
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Unmyelinated axons are surrounded by a single Schwann cell and do not form myelin sheaths and they use action potentials that do not require myelin sheath insulation.
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Axons and Schwann cells are enclosed within layers of connective tissue, with endoneurium surrounding each axon, perineurium surrounding nerve fascicles, and epineurium surrounding the entire nerve.
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Peripheral nerves provide communication between the CNS and sense organs and effectors (muscles, glands), and they generally contain both afferent (sensory) and efferent (motor) fibers.
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Test your knowledge of the histological structure and organization of the peripheral nervous system with this quiz. Explore topics such as ganglions, nerves, and the autonomic nervous system.
