Histology of the Peripheral Nervous System Quiz

The cell body (soma) of a neuron contains a large nucleus with a prominent nucleolus and is surrounded by perinuclear cytoplasm rich in rough endoplasmic reticulum and free ribosomes.

Dendrites are projections from the cell body that branch many times and provide locations for other neurons to communicate with the cell body. They receive information from other neurons at synapses.

The axon is a long process that arises from the cell body and conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body. Its diameter is related to conduction velocity.

Glial cells outnumber neurons in the mammalian brain and support neuronal survival and activities. There are six major kinds of glial cells, including astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells, Schwann cells, and satellite cells.

In the peripheral nervous system (PNS), peripheral nerves are bundles of nerve fibers (axons) individually surrounded by Schwann cells and connective tissue.

Myelinated fibers in the PNS have a myelin sheath produced by Schwann cells, which insulates the axon and facilitates the formation of action potentials. Unmyelinated fibers do not have a myelin sheath.

Axons and Schwann cells are enclosed within layers of connective tissue, including the endoneurium, perineurium, and epineurium. These layers protect the nerve and regulate diffusion into the nerve.

The peripheral nervous system establishes communication between centers in the CNS and the sense organs and effectors, and generally contains both afferent (sensory) and efferent (motor) fibers.

The cell body (perykarion) of a neuron contains a large, euchromatic nucleus with a prominent nucleolus and perinuclear cytoplasm rich in rough endoplasmic reticulum and free ribosomes.

Dendrites are projection from the cell body that branch many times and provide locations for other neurons to communicate with the cell body. Dendrites receive information from other neurons at synapses.

The axon is a single, long process that arises from the cell body, much thinner than the dendrites, and its diameter is related to conduction velocity. It is covered by myelin sheath in the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) and Schwann cells.

Glial cells support and protect neurons, outnumbering them by ten times in the mammalian brain. There are six major types of glial cells: astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells, Schwann cells, and satellite cells.

In the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS), Schwann cells envelop nerve fibers, and they produce a myelin sheath that insulates the axon, allowing for faster action potential propagation and facilitating regeneration of damaged fibers.

Satellite cells are cuboidal or squamous glial cells of ganglia that provide metabolic and mechanical support to the neurons.

The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is composed of nerves, ganglia, and nerve endings, which are bundles of nerve fibers (axons) individually surrounded by Schwann cells and connective tissue.

Myelinated fibers in the PNS are covered by a multilayered myelin sheath produced by Schwann cells, which insulates the axon and facilitates action potential propagation.

Unmyelinated axons are surrounded by a single Schwann cell and do not form myelin sheaths and they use action potentials that do not require myelin sheath insulation.

Axons and Schwann cells are enclosed within layers of connective tissue, with endoneurium surrounding each axon, perineurium surrounding nerve fascicles, and epineurium surrounding the entire nerve.

Peripheral nerves provide communication between the CNS and sense organs and effectors (muscles, glands), and they generally contain both afferent (sensory) and efferent (motor) fibers.