Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the characteristic feature of monocytes in terms of size and nucleus shape?
What is the characteristic feature of monocytes in terms of size and nucleus shape?
Largest blood cells; Usually kidney-shaped nuclei
Describe the nucleus of a lymphoblast and a small lymphocyte.
Describe the nucleus of a lymphoblast and a small lymphocyte.
Lymphoblast: Nucleus fills the cell + Nucleoli; Small lymphocyte: Round nucleus that fills the cell
What do Auer rods represent in the cytoplasm of myeloblasts?
What do Auer rods represent in the cytoplasm of myeloblasts?
Abnormal azurophilic granules; Diagnostic of AML
What do photomicrographs showing left shift of neutrophils with toxic granulation indicate?
What do photomicrographs showing left shift of neutrophils with toxic granulation indicate?
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What is the significance of a photomicrograph showing hypersegmented neutrophils?
What is the significance of a photomicrograph showing hypersegmented neutrophils?
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Which cytochemical stain is positive in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) but negative in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)?
Which cytochemical stain is positive in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) but negative in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)?
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What does a positive Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) stain indicate in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)?
What does a positive Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) stain indicate in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)?
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Which stain is used to identify monocytic cells, being diffusely positive and rarely staining other cell lines?
Which stain is used to identify monocytic cells, being diffusely positive and rarely staining other cell lines?
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What is the formula for correcting the White Blood Cell (WBC) count for nucleated Red Blood Cells (nRBC) presence?
What is the formula for correcting the White Blood Cell (WBC) count for nucleated Red Blood Cells (nRBC) presence?
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In the provided example, if the total WBC count is 40.6 x 10^9/L and there are 50 nRBC per 100 WBC, what would be the corrected WBC count?
In the provided example, if the total WBC count is 40.6 x 10^9/L and there are 50 nRBC per 100 WBC, what would be the corrected WBC count?
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Study Notes
Monocytes
- Monocytes are large cells with a kidney bean shaped nucleus.
Lymphoblasts
- Lymphoblasts have a large nucleus with fine chromatin and a prominent nucleolus.
Small lymphocytes
- Small lymphocytes have a small, round nucleus that occupies most of the cell.
Auer rods
- Auer rods are rod-shaped structures found in the cytoplasm of myeloblasts, representing abnormal aggregation of granules.
Left shift of neutrophils with toxic granulation
- A left shift of neutrophils with toxic granulation indicates an acute bacterial infection.
Hypersegmented neutrophils
- Hypersegmented neutrophils (neutrophils with more than 5 lobes) suggest a deficiency in Vitamin B12 or folate.
Cytochemical stain for AML/ALL
- Myeloperoxidase stain is positive in AML and negative in ALL.
PAS stain in ALL
- A positive PAS stain in ALL indicates a high glycogen content in the cytoplasm of lymphoblasts.
Stain for monocytic cells
- Alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase stain is used to identify monocytic cells.
Correcting WBC count
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Formula for correcting for nRBC presence: Corrected WBC = (Total WBC x 100) / (100 + nRBC count per 100 WBC)
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In the provided example:
- Corrected WBC = (40.6 x 10^9/L x 100) / (100 + 50)
- Corrected WBC = 27.1 x 10^9/L
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Description
Prepare for the Hematology practical session focusing on the classification of immature and abnormal WBCs. Learn about the different types of WBCs, their characteristics, and their origins in haemopoiesis.
