Harappan Civilization: Bricks, Beads, and Bones
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Questions and Answers

What was the northern boundary of the Harappa Civilization?

  • Manda (correct)
  • Sutkagendor
  • Daimabad
  • Alamgirpur

What were the characteristics of the Harappan Civilization?

  • Burials in pits and use of undeciphered scripts
  • Regulated exchanges and known rulers (correct)
  • Carefully planned drainage system and script written from left to right
  • Gold and silver metals known and southern boundary at Alamgirpur

What were the possible reasons for the decline of the Harappan civilization?

  • Use of undeciphered scripts and presence of rulers
  • Use of carefully planned drainage system and known rulers
  • Southern boundary at Daimabad and western boundary at Sutkagendor
  • Climate changes, deforestation, and excessive floods (correct)

What materials were used for the precise regulation of exchanges in the Harappan civilization?

<p>Chert and generally cubical stones with markings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the direction in which the Harappan scripts were written?

<p>From right to left (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the metals known to the Harappan civilization?

<p>Gold, silver, copper, and bronze (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of craft production at Chanhudaro?

<p>Seal making (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT a mode of transportation in the Harappan civilization?

<p>Horses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most distinctive artifact of the Harappan or Indus Valley civilization?

<p>Harappan seal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the Indus Valley Civilization also called the Harappan Culture?

<p>Distinctive objects found from various areas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is Mohenjo-Daro situated?

<p>Sindh (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is estimated to be the function of Mohenjo-Daro based on scholars' opinions?

<p>Commercial center (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of Mohenjo-Daro is considered distinctive according to archaeological findings?

<p>125 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of motifs and signs are found on the Harappan seals?

<p>Both animal and plant motifs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the runs of various buildings, streets, bath etc. excavated at Harappan, MohenjoDaro and other sites reveal?

<p>City dwelling with good planning and civic sense (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many times was Mohenjo-Daro successively destroyed and rebuilt?

<p>Seven times (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the boundaries of the Harappa Civilization?

<p>Manda, Daimabad, Alamgirpur, Sutkagendor</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the possible reasons for the decline of the Harappan civilization?

<p>Climatic changes, deforestation, excessive floods, shifting or drying up of rivers</p> Signup and view all the answers

What materials were used for the precise regulation of exchanges in the Harappan civilization?

<p>Chert, cubical weights</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the known metals in the Harappan civilization?

<p>Gold, silver, copper, bronze</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the script writing direction of the Harappan scripts?

<p>Right to left</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the two main areas of habitation in the Harappan civilization?

<p>The Citadel, The Lower Town</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were some of the key activities involved in craft production at Chanhudaro?

<p>bead making, shell cutting, seal making, weight making</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were some of the modes of transportation used during the Harappan civilization?

<p>bullock, carts, boats</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the distinctive objects that contribute to the term 'Harappan Culture'?

<p>seals, beads, weights, stone blades, baked bricks</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is estimated to be the function of Mohenjo-Daro based on scholars' opinions?

<p>commercial center, international town, capital city</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the motifs and signs found on the Harappan seals?

<p>animal and plant motifs, signs from a script</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the distinctive features of Mohenjo-Daro according to archaeological findings?

<p>well-planned urban center, large city occupying 125 hectares, divided into 2 sections</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the possible sources of understanding or studying the Harappan Civilization?

<p>Harappan seals, archaeological evidences, art specimens, ruins of various buildings</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were some of the distinctive objects found from areas related to the Harappan Culture?

<p>Afghanistan, Jammu, Baluchistan (Pakistan), Gujarat</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were some of the materials used for the precise regulation of exchanges in the Harappan civilization?

<p>seals, weights</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were some of the possible reasons for the decline of the Harappan civilization?

<p>unknown, environmental changes, natural disasters, Aryan invasions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Harappan Civilization

A civilization that flourished in the Indus River Valley, known for its urban planning, advanced technology, and distinctive artifacts.

Manda

The northernmost boundary of the Harappan Civilization.

Harappan Weights

A system of weight-based units used for standardizing measurements and facilitating trade amongst the Harappans.

Chert

A key material used for creating weights in the Harappan civilization, known for its durability and ability to be precisely carved.

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Harappan Seals

The distinctive feature of the Harappan civilization, they are small, square or rectangular objects with intricate carvings, often depicting animals and symbols.

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Harappan Script Direction

The direction in which the Harappan script was written, unlike the usual left to right.

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Steatite

The primary material used for making the Harappan seals, known for its durability and ability to be finely carved.

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The Citadel

The main area within a Harappan city that was typically elevated and often housed administrative buildings and structures.

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The Lower Town

The lower area of a Harappan city, often housing residential areas and workshops.

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Mohenjo-Daro

One of the major cities of the Harappan civilization, known for its significant archaeological finds and large-scale urban planning.

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Commercial Center

The estimated primary function of Mohenjo-Daro, based on its size, layout, and archaeological findings.

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125 Hectares

The approximate size of the main urban area of Mohenjo-Daro, indicating the scale of this Harappan city.

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Animal Motifs

A prominent feature of the Harappan seals, showcasing the variety of the Harappan worldview and artistic expression.

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Harappa

One of the major cities of the Harappan civilization, located near the modern city of Harappa, Punjab.

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Administrative Center

The estimated function of Harappa, given its layout and archaeological finds, suggesting it was a key administrative and trading center.

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Mohenjo-daro

A major Harappan city, located in the Sindh region, currently in Pakistan

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125 Hectares

The approximate size of Mohenjo-daro, emphasizing its large scale and urban character.

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Seven times

Mohenjo-Daro was destroyed and rebuilt several times during its history.

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Well-planned Urban Center

The most distinctive feature of Mohenjo-daro, as observed through archaeological evidence.

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Two sections

The city of Mohenjo-daro was divided into two main sections.

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Animal and Plant Motifs

Harappan seals were often inscribed with animal and plant motifs, reflecting their diverse cultural interests.

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Distinctive Objects

Objects like seals, beads, weights, stone blades, and baked bricks are all indicative of the unique characteristics of the Harappa culture.

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Commercial Center

Scholar's estimations suggest that the Harappan city, Mohenjo-daro, was a major center of trade and commerce.

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Decline of the Harappan Civilization

A few of the possible reasons for the decline and fall of the Harappan Civilization, though the precise cause remains a mystery.

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Possible Causes of Decline

Some possible reasons for the decline of the Harappan civilization, including changes in the environment and natural disasters.

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Boundaries of the Harappan Civilization

The Harappan civilization was located within a specific geographical region with definite boundaries.

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Boundary Cities

Several cities marked the significant boundaries of the Harappan Civilization, highlighting its geographical extent.

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Lower Town

The area of habitation in the Harappan cities, often located in lowlands, was not included within the main citadel.

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Harappan Script

The unique script of the Harappan civilization, yet to be fully deciphered, is written from right to left.

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Technology and Craft Production

The Harappan civilization was known for its sophisticated technology and diverse craft production.

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Chanhudaro

This city was known for its specialized craft production, especially in the production of seals.

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Distinctive Artifacts

The distinctive artifacts that scholars use to identify and study the Harappan civilization.

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Modes of Transportation

Bullock carts, boats, and sometimes even donkeys, served as modes of transportation in the Harappan civilization.

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Seals as Markers

The Harappans used seals for marking and authenticating goods, reflecting their sophisticated system of trade.

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Materials for Weights

The diverse range of materials used for making weights in the Harappan civilization, showcasing their technical expertise.

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