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Questions and Answers
Which statement accurately contrasts end bonds and side bonds in hair structure?
Which statement accurately contrasts end bonds and side bonds in hair structure?
- End bonds join amino acids end-to-end, while side bonds link different polypeptide chains. (correct)
- End bonds determine hair texture, while side bonds determine hair strength.
- End bonds are reformed during wet sets; side bonds are only broken by chemical services.
- End bonds are strong physical attractions, while side bonds are weaker chemical attractions.
How do thermal styling services primarily affect hair's side bonds?
How do thermal styling services primarily affect hair's side bonds?
- By permanently rearranging disulfide bonds, altering the curl pattern.
- By strengthening salt bonds, increasing hair's resistance to humidity.
- By temporarily loosening hydrogen bonds, allowing for temporary shape changes. (correct)
- By breaking peptide bonds, which can lead to significant hair damage and breakage.
Which of the following is the primary reducing agent used in alkaline perms (cold waves)?
Which of the following is the primary reducing agent used in alkaline perms (cold waves)?
- Ammonium thioglycolate (ATG) (correct)
- Glyceryl monothioglycolate (GMTG)
- Hydrogen peroxide
- Sodium hydroxide
What is the primary function of a thio neutralizer in the permanent waving process?
What is the primary function of a thio neutralizer in the permanent waving process?
Which characteristic primarily differentiates acid-balanced waves from alkaline waves?
Which characteristic primarily differentiates acid-balanced waves from alkaline waves?
What role do alkanolamines play in ammonia-free wave solutions compared to ammonia?
What role do alkanolamines play in ammonia-free wave solutions compared to ammonia?
In what way do thio relaxers and hydroxide relaxers differ in how they affect the hair's disulfide bonds?
In what way do thio relaxers and hydroxide relaxers differ in how they affect the hair's disulfide bonds?
What distinguishes a croquignole perm wrap from a spiral perm wrap?
What distinguishes a croquignole perm wrap from a spiral perm wrap?
Why is a base cream or protective base cream used during hair relaxing or permanent waving services?
Why is a base cream or protective base cream used during hair relaxing or permanent waving services?
What is the chemical process of lanthionization?
What is the chemical process of lanthionization?
Flashcards
End bonds vs. Side bonds?
End bonds vs. Side bonds?
Bonds that join amino acids end-to-end (peptide bonds) versus bonds between the sides of polypeptide chains (disulfide, salt, hydrogen).
Types of side bonds?
Types of side bonds?
Disulfide, salt, and hydrogen bonds; these link polypeptide chains.
Texture service bond changes?
Texture service bond changes?
They break or rearrange side bonds (disulfide, salt & hydrogen), changing the hair's shape.
Croquignole vs. Spiral perm?
Croquignole vs. Spiral perm?
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Thio waving solution reduction?
Thio waving solution reduction?
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Function of thio neutralizer?
Function of thio neutralizer?
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What is Lanthionization
What is Lanthionization
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Thio vs. Hydroxide relaxers?
Thio vs. Hydroxide relaxers?
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Acid-balanced waves pH
Acid-balanced waves pH
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Ammonia-free waves.
Ammonia-free waves.
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Study Notes
Review Questions
- End bonds and side bonds must be distinguished from one another
- The three types of side bonds include:
- Hydrogen bonds
- Salt bonds
- Disulfide bonds
- Hair texture services can alter side bonds
- Croquignole and spiral perm wraps must be distinguished from one another.
- The reduction reaction of thio waving solution must be explained
- The function of a thio neutralizer must be explained
- The eight major types of permanent waving solutions must be listed and described
- The procedure for a soft curl permanent must be explained
- Lanthionization must be defined
- Thio and hydroxide relaxers must be distinguished from one another
- Thio and hydroxide neutralizers must be distinguished from one another
- At least 10 safety precautions for permanent waving, soft curl permanents, and chemical hair relaxers must be listed
Chapter Glossary
- Acid-balanced waves:
- Are not true acid waves.
- Have a pH between 7.8 and 8.2.
- Use glyceryl monothioglycolate (GMTG) as the reducing agent.
- Process at room temperature.
- Do not need added heat.
- Process more quickly.
- Produce firmer curls than true acid waves.
- Alkaline waves (or cold waves):
- Have a pH between 9.0 and 9.6.
- Use ammonium thioglycolate (ATG) as the reducing agent.
- Process at room temperature.
- Amino acids are compounds made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen
- Ammonia-free waves use alkanolamines instead of ammonia and are popular because of their low odor
- Ammonium thioglycolate (ATG) is an active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline permanents.
- Base cream or protective base cream is an oily cream used to protect the skin and scalp during hair relaxing.
- Base control refers to the position of the rod in relation to its base section.
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