Perm state study guide
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Questions and Answers

The chemical texture service that loosens overly curly hair or changes, tightly curly or coiled hair into loose curls or waves is

  • Curl softening
  • Curl reforming (correct)
  • Alternate waving
  • Swelling compound

    • The layer of the hair that provides the strength elasticity of human hair is the

  • Medulla
  • Regular
  • Cortex (correct)
  • Arrector

    • The natural pH of hair is between

  • 4.0 and 5.0
  • 4.5 and 5.5 (correct)
  • 6.0 and 7.0
  • 7.9 and 8.0

    • In permanent waving the size of the curl is determined by the

    <p>Size of the rod</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The technique of wrapping here at an angle of 90° or perpendicular to its base section is

    <p>Half off base placement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The two basic types of wrapping the hair around a perm rod are the spiral and

    <p>Croquignole perm technique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A reduction reaction involves either the addition of hydrogen or the removal of

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Most cold waves have a pH between

    <p>9.0 and 9.6.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The three separate components of acid waves are permanent, waving solution, activator, and

    <p>Neutralizer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An endothermic wave is activated by

    <p>An outside heat source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Permanent wave solution should be rinsed from the hair for at least

    <p>5 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of rearranging the structure of curly hair into a straighter or smoother form is

    <p>Chemical hair relaxing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Thio relaxers usually have a pH above

    <p>10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hydroxide ions left in the hair after a relaxer can be neutralized using a

    <p>Acid balance shampoo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of relaxer contains only one component and is used exactly as it is packaged with no mixing necessary

    <p>Metal hydroxide relaxers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lithium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide relaxers are often advertised and sold as

    <p>No mix - no lye relaxers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bonds are relatively weak, physical side bonds that are the result of an attraction between negative and positive electrical charges

    <p>Salt bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of rod is also known as a circle rod

    <p>Loop rods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For on-base placement, the hair is wrapped at _____ beyond perpendicular to its base section, and the rod is positioned on its base

    <p>45 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these permanent waves process at room temperature?

    <p>Acid balanced waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Chemical solutions _____ the ph of the hair to an alkaline state

    <p>raise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should you perform an elasticity test?

    <p>before performing a perm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Porous hair ____

    <p>could be damaged by a highly alkaline permanent waving solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    GMTG, the primary reducing agent in most acid waves, has _____

    <p>a low ph</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True acid waves have a ph between

    <p>4.5 and 7.0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ammonia- free waves _____

    <p>have very little odor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    in permanent waving most of the processing takes place within the first_______

    <p>5 to 10 min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One safety precaution of permanent waving is to ____

    <p>examine the scalp before the perm service</p> Signup and view all the answers

    With extremely curly hair, the twists are the _____ sections of the hair strands

    <p>thinnest and weakest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Relaxers are _____ and can literally melt or dissolve hair if used incorrectly

    <p>extremely alkaline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the clients hair has been treated with a hydroxide relaxer, its means the hair

    <p>will not hold a curl when applying a thin relaxer or thin permanent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A ___ is a perm wrap in which one end paper is placed under and another is placed over the strand of hair being wrapped

    <p>double flat wrap</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which types of rods are usually about 12 inches long with a uniform diameter along the entire length of the rod?

    <p>soft bender rods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    thioglycolic acid

    <p>is a common reducing agent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ___ is the innermost layer of the hair

    <p>medulla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The partings and bases radiate throughout throughout the panels to follow and the curvature of the head in which type of wrap ?

    <p>curvature permanent wrap</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The chemical bonds that join amino acids together are called ____

    <p>peptide bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A ___ is a type of perm wrap in which the hair is wrapped at an angle other than perpendicular to the length of the rod

    <p>spiral perm wrap</p> Signup and view all the answers

    which of the following is a method of hair straightening that combines the use of a thio relaxer with flat ironing

    <p>Japanese thermal straightening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    which type of relaxer requires the application of a protective base cream to the entire scalp prior to the application of the relaxer

    <p>base relaxer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the middle layer of the hair is the

    <p>cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    which of these terms refers to the angle at which the rod is positioned on the head : horizontally, vertically or diagonally ?

    <p>base direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A ___ is a type of wrap that uses one end paper folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope

    <p>bookend wrap</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A ___ is a wrapping pattern in which all the rods within a panel move in the same direction and are positioned on equal- sized bases

    <p>basic permanent wrap</p> Signup and view all the answers

    which of these are usually classified as a lye based relaxer ?

    <p>sodium hydroxide relaxers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    which rods are equal in diameter along their entire length or curling area

    <p>straight rods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    which of these terms refers to the thickness or thinness of a liquid

    <p>viscosity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ___ is the tough exterior layer of the hair

    <p>cuticle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    which of these terms refers to the position of the rod in relation to its base section

    <p>base placement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A ____ is a type of wrap in which the hair is wrapped on one rod from the scalp to midway down the hair shaft, and another rod is used to wrap the remaining hair strand in the same direction.

    <p>piggyback wrap</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these stops the action of the waving solution and rebuilds the hair into its new curly form?

    <p>thio neutralization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    long chains of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds are known as ____

    <p>polypeptide chains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the process by which hydroxide relaxers permanently straighten hair is called___

    <p>lanthionization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    hydrogen bonds can be broken by

    <p>either water or heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the reducing agent used in permanent waving solutions is commonly referred to as __

    <p>thio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Manufactures add an alkalizing agent to waving solutions because the acid in the solutions__

    <p>does not swell the hair or penetrate into the cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A ph of 7.0 is ___ that the ph of the hair

    <p>100 times more alkaline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    most of the acid waves found in todays salons have a ph between

    <p>7.8 and 8.2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    which of the following is not considered a main component of an exothermic wave?

    <p>concentrator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    an endothermic chemical reaction is one that absorbs___ from its surroundings

    <p>heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    which type of perm is recommended for extremely pours hair?

    <p>true acid wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    what is the most common neutralizer

    <p>hydrogen peroxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    when rinsing the hair after the recommended processing time has elapsed, it is recommended that you ___

    <p>smell the hair to determine if it smells like perming solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Japanese thermal straightening ___

    <p>is sometimes called thermal reconditioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    mid strength relaxers are formulated for

    <p>fine color treated hair, or damaged hair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Warm tones that are described as sandy or tan are considered

    <p>natural</p> Signup and view all the answers

    which color will help balance orange tones in the hair

    <p>blue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Red added to blue based colors will cause them to appear

    <p>lighter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A ____ color is achieved by mixing a secondary color and its neighboring primary color

    <p>tertiary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In traditional color theory, when all three primary colors are present in equal proportions, the resulting color is ____ depending on the saturation of the pigment

    <p>black or dark muddy gray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    for clients with 80 to 100 percent gray, which hair color is generally more flattering?

    <p>a blonde shade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    to cover unpigmented hair on a salt and pepper head, the color formulation should be ___ than the natural level

    <p>one to two levels lighter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the process of treating gray or very resistant hair to allow for better penetration of color is known as

    <p>pre softening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    when hair is violet, it is recommended that you use ____ to balance it

    <p>yellow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    when hair is blue it is recommended that you use___ to balance it

    <p>orange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    selecting ____ base colors creates brighter colors

    <p>warm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    traditional semipermanent, demipermanent, and permanent hair color products that are used primarily on pre lightened hair to achieve pail and delicate colors are ___

    <p>toners</p> Signup and view all the answers

    under lightened hair will appear to have more _____ than the intended color

    <p>red yellow and orange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the term _____ or hue refers to th balance of color

    <p>tone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the melanin that gives blond the red colors to hair is called

    <p>pheomelanin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the stationary foundation of a pin curl is the ___-

    <p>base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    pin curls that produce light , firm long lasting curls and allow for minimum mobility are known as

    <p>no stem pin curls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    pin curls formed in a shaping should begin at the ___

    <p>open end</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the most commonly shaped pin curl bases are rectangular, triangle, square, or _____

    <p>arc based</p> Signup and view all the answers

    pin curls sliced from a shaping and formed without lifting the hair from the head are referred to as

    <p>carved curls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the panel of hair on which a roller is placed is the ___

    <p>arc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    hair between the scalp and the first turn of the roller is the ___

    <p>stem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the point where curls of opposite directions meet, forming a recessed area is called the

    <p>indentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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