10 Questions
What is the classic triad associated with Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS)?
Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia, Acute kidney injury, Thrombocytopenia (low platelets)
What triggers thrombosis in small blood vessels in HUS?
Shiga toxins from either E. coli O157 or Shigella
What is the most common age group affected by HUS?
Children
How does HUS lead to thrombocytopenia (low platelets)?
The formation of blood clots consumes platelets, leading to thrombocytopenia.
What is Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia (MAHA) and how does it occur in HUS?
It involves the destruction of red blood cells due to pathology in the small vessels (microangiopathy). Tiny blood clots partially obstruct the small blood vessels and churn the red blood cells as they pass through, causing them to rupture.
What is the first symptom of gastroenteritis caused by E. coli O157 and Shigella?
Diarrhoea
What treatment for gastroenteritis caused by E. coli O157 or Shigella increases the risk of HUS?
Antibiotics and anti-motility medication (e.g., loperamide)
What effect does thrombosis in small blood vessels have on the kidney in HUS?
The blood flow through the kidney is affected by thrombi and damaged red blood cells, leading to acute kidney injury.
What is the main trigger for HUS?
Shiga toxins from either E. coli O157 or Shigella
What are the two bacteria that cause gastroenteritis and can lead to HUS?
E. coli O157 and Shigella
Test your knowledge about Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome (HUS), a condition involving thrombosis in small blood vessels throughout the body, often triggered by Shiga toxins from E. coli O157 or Shigella. Learn about the risk factors, symptoms, and treatment of HUS.
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