Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the normative value for hip medial rotation?
What is the normative value for hip medial rotation?
During hip abduction measurement, which anatomical landmark is used as a lateral reference?
During hip abduction measurement, which anatomical landmark is used as a lateral reference?
What is the correct normative value for knee extension?
What is the correct normative value for knee extension?
What stabilizes the pelvis to prevent anterior tilt during hip extension measurement?
What stabilizes the pelvis to prevent anterior tilt during hip extension measurement?
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What is the normative range of motion for plantarflexion?
What is the normative range of motion for plantarflexion?
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Which axis is used for the lateral midline reference during knee flexion?
Which axis is used for the lateral midline reference during knee flexion?
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For hip adduction measurement, what is the position of the knees?
For hip adduction measurement, what is the position of the knees?
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What should be watched for during hip abduction to ensure accurate measurement?
What should be watched for during hip abduction to ensure accurate measurement?
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What is the reference point for measuring hip abduction during extension in a supine position?
What is the reference point for measuring hip abduction during extension in a supine position?
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What is indicated when flexion ROM is within 10 degrees of normal?
What is indicated when flexion ROM is within 10 degrees of normal?
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Which position should a patient adopt to prevent hip movement during knee flexion measurements?
Which position should a patient adopt to prevent hip movement during knee flexion measurements?
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In measuring ankle dorsiflexion, which lateral structure is used as a reference point?
In measuring ankle dorsiflexion, which lateral structure is used as a reference point?
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What is one of the main purposes of using outcome measures?
What is one of the main purposes of using outcome measures?
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What is the average distance measured when using the tape measure method for thoracolumbar spine flexion?
What is the average distance measured when using the tape measure method for thoracolumbar spine flexion?
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Which type of outcome measure assesses the quality of life specifically?
Which type of outcome measure assesses the quality of life specifically?
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Which method involves asking the individual to stand and reach towards the floor?
Which method involves asking the individual to stand and reach towards the floor?
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What might indicate a patient has cyanosis?
What might indicate a patient has cyanosis?
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When performing inversion measurements, which joint position is recommended?
When performing inversion measurements, which joint position is recommended?
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Which assessment tool is disease-specific for stroke patients?
Which assessment tool is disease-specific for stroke patients?
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What could be a first sign of systemic illness as observed by a physical therapist?
What could be a first sign of systemic illness as observed by a physical therapist?
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What should be used to stabilize the femur during hip extension measurements?
What should be used to stabilize the femur during hip extension measurements?
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During ankle plantarflexion assessment, which structure should be referenced laterally?
During ankle plantarflexion assessment, which structure should be referenced laterally?
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What role does the integumentary system NOT play?
What role does the integumentary system NOT play?
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Which of the following is true about performance-based outcome measures?
Which of the following is true about performance-based outcome measures?
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What is indicated by Half and Half Nails?
What is indicated by Half and Half Nails?
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Which condition lacks Schamroth's sign?
Which condition lacks Schamroth's sign?
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Alopecia can be caused by which of the following?
Alopecia can be caused by which of the following?
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Identifying for melanoma should consider which of the following criteria?
Identifying for melanoma should consider which of the following criteria?
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In which patients is a comprehensive skin assessment particularly important?
In which patients is a comprehensive skin assessment particularly important?
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Which statement about benign skin lesions is correct?
Which statement about benign skin lesions is correct?
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What can cause hair loss in localized areas of the body?
What can cause hair loss in localized areas of the body?
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Which of the following is a significant sign of melanoma?
Which of the following is a significant sign of melanoma?
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What is the purpose of stabilizing the pelvis during the measurement of forward bending in the Modified Modified Schober Test?
What is the purpose of stabilizing the pelvis during the measurement of forward bending in the Modified Modified Schober Test?
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In the Thomas Test, what position should the patient be in before testing the hip flexor length?
In the Thomas Test, what position should the patient be in before testing the hip flexor length?
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What indicates a tight hamstring during the Single Leg Raise (SLR) Test?
What indicates a tight hamstring during the Single Leg Raise (SLR) Test?
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During the Modified Modified Schober Test, how is the measuring tape positioned?
During the Modified Modified Schober Test, how is the measuring tape positioned?
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If a patient shows a measured extension ROM that surpasses normal by a significant amount, what does this indicate?
If a patient shows a measured extension ROM that surpasses normal by a significant amount, what does this indicate?
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Which is the normal end range of motion (ROM) for hip extension during the Thomas Test?
Which is the normal end range of motion (ROM) for hip extension during the Thomas Test?
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What action should the patient perform when measuring lumbar flexion in the Modified Modified Schober Test?
What action should the patient perform when measuring lumbar flexion in the Modified Modified Schober Test?
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While measuring the Single Leg Raise Test, which position should be maintained for the knee of the limb being tested?
While measuring the Single Leg Raise Test, which position should be maintained for the knee of the limb being tested?
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What method involves measuring the distance from the middle finger to the floor after bending to the side?
What method involves measuring the distance from the middle finger to the floor after bending to the side?
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Which method requires stabilizing the pelvis to prevent posterior tilt while measuring extension ROM?
Which method requires stabilizing the pelvis to prevent posterior tilt while measuring extension ROM?
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In the Rotation sitting Goni Method, what does the clinician need to align with the imaginary line between the iliac tubercles?
In the Rotation sitting Goni Method, what does the clinician need to align with the imaginary line between the iliac tubercles?
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What is measured at the end of the bending motion in the Fingertip to Thigh Method?
What is measured at the end of the bending motion in the Fingertip to Thigh Method?
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For the Lateral Flexion measurement, how should the patient's feet be positioned?
For the Lateral Flexion measurement, how should the patient's feet be positioned?
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What is required to ensure accuracy during the Goni Method for measuring rotation?
What is required to ensure accuracy during the Goni Method for measuring rotation?
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What should be avoided when measuring spine rotation to ensure the patient's trunk remains erect?
What should be avoided when measuring spine rotation to ensure the patient's trunk remains erect?
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In the Tape Measure Method, what is done at the beginning of the range of motion (ROM)?
In the Tape Measure Method, what is done at the beginning of the range of motion (ROM)?
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Study Notes
Normative ROM Values
- Hip Flexion: 0° - 120°
- Hip Extension: 0° - 20°
- Hip Abduction: 0° - 40°
- Hip Adduction: 0° - 20°
- Hip Medial Rotation: 0° - 45°
- Hip Lateral Rotation: 0° - 45°
- Knee Flexion: 0° - 135°
- Knee Extension: 0° - 10°
- Ankle Dorsiflexion: 0° - 20°
- Ankle Plantar Flexion: 0° - 50°
- Ankle Inversion: 0° - 35°
- Ankle Eversion: 0° - 15°
- First MTP Flexion: 0° - 45°
- First MTP Extension: 0° - 70°
- Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Flexion: 0° - 80°
- Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Extension: 0° - 25°
- Right Lateral Flexion: 0° - 35°
- Right Rotation: 0° - 45°
Goniometry ROM Landmarks
- Hip Flexion (supine): Reference: lateral midline of pelvis, greater trochanter
- Hip Extension (prone): Reference: lateral midline of pelvis, greater trochanter
- Hip Abduction (supine): Reference: imaginary line between both ASIS's, ASIS
- Hip Adduction (supine): Reference: imaginary line between both ASIS's; ASIS
- Hip Internal Rotation (sitting): Reference: 1 to the floor ; anterior aspect of patella
- Hip External Rotation (sitting): Reference: 1 to the floor, anterior aspect of patella
- Knee Flexion (supine): Reference: lateral midline femur, greater trochanter
- Knee Extension (supine): Reference: lateral midline femur, greater trochanter
- Ankle Dorsiflexion (sitting): reference: lateral midline of fibula, head of fibula.
- Ankle Plantar Flexion (sitting): reference: lateral midline of fibula, head of fibula
- Ankle Inversion (sitting): reference: anterior aspect of ankle, between malleoli
Other Information
- Outcome Measures: Tools to assess changes in outcomes from initial visits throughout care. Examples include fatigue, falls risk, TUG results, and pain. Outcome measures contribute to evidence-based practice by providing baseline data, objective outcomes, measuring change over time, and justifying care for third-party payers. Types of outcome measures include performance-based and self-report.
- Clinical Measurements: Include ROM (Range of Motion), MMT (Muscle Manual Muscle Testing), and Functional Assessments (quality of life, FIM).
- Disease-Specific Measures: Examples include stroke (Fugl-Meyer, stroke impact scale), multiple sclerosis (EDSS), Parkinson's disease (Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale).
- Population-Specific Measures: include pediatric (Wee FIM, Peabody Developmental Motor Scale) and certain home health measures
- Skin Assessment: Factors to consider in a comprehensive skin assessment include moisture level and skin integrity (open areas, rashes). Patients with certain conditions or risk factors warrant special attention.
- Skin Color/Conditions: Conditions like pallor (pale), cyanosis (blue), and jaundice (yellow) might indicate underlying issues, such as anaemia or respiratory problems.
- Nail Changes: Changes in the nails (Terry's nails, Koilonychia, Beau's lines) can suggest systemic conditions or medical problems.
- Hair Growth Patterns and Lesions: Hair loss (alopecia) and skin lesions are significant findings that may necessitate investigation.
- ABCD Rule for Melanoma: A simple guide to spot skin cancer (asymmetry, border irregularity, color variation, diameter).
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Description
This quiz covers normative range of motion values for various joints including hip, knee, and ankle, as well as landmarks used in goniometry. Test your knowledge on the expected degrees of movement for each joint and the techniques to measure them accurately. Ideal for students and professionals in physical therapy and related fields.
