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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a cause of cell stress mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is a cause of cell stress mentioned in the text?
- Aging
- Hormonal stimulation
- Hyperplasia
- Infection (correct)
Which cellular adaptation is characterized by an increase in cell size?
Which cellular adaptation is characterized by an increase in cell size?
- Hyperplasia
- Hypertrophy (correct)
- Atrophy
- Metaplasia
What is the mechanism that causes atrophy in cells?
What is the mechanism that causes atrophy in cells?
- Increased physical demand
- Growth factor stimulation
- Altered hormone levels
- Decreased blood supply (correct)
Which of the following is an example of hypertrophy?
Which of the following is an example of hypertrophy?
What is the cellular adaptation characterized by an increase in mitosis resulting in a greater number of cells?
What is the cellular adaptation characterized by an increase in mitosis resulting in a greater number of cells?
Which enzyme converts hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen?
Which enzyme converts hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen?
Which term describes the abnormal increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ?
Which term describes the abnormal increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ?
What is the primary function of ATP in cells?
What is the primary function of ATP in cells?
Which of the following is NOT a possible cause or condition that can lead to cell stress and injury?
Which of the following is NOT a possible cause or condition that can lead to cell stress and injury?
What is the most toxic free radical species?
What is the most toxic free radical species?
Which of the following is one of the 4 general principles that underlie our understanding of the steps in cell injury and pathogenesis?
Which of the following is one of the 4 general principles that underlie our understanding of the steps in cell injury and pathogenesis?
Which of the following can lead to loss of ATP production in mitochondria?
Which of the following can lead to loss of ATP production in mitochondria?
What are the 3 key biochemical events observed during most instances of cell injury?
What are the 3 key biochemical events observed during most instances of cell injury?
What is the primary cause of hydropic change in cells?
What is the primary cause of hydropic change in cells?
What is the downstream effect of dysregulation of intracellular Ca++ levels that leads to additional injury of various cellular components?
What is the downstream effect of dysregulation of intracellular Ca++ levels that leads to additional injury of various cellular components?
Which pigment is the end product of the degradation of hemoglobin from red blood cells?
Which pigment is the end product of the degradation of hemoglobin from red blood cells?
What condition is noticed when concentrations of bilirubin in the blood exceed 2.0 mg/dL?
What condition is noticed when concentrations of bilirubin in the blood exceed 2.0 mg/dL?
What is the brown granules that accumulate in macrophages and parenchymal cells and is a hemoglobin-derived, iron-containing pigment?
What is the brown granules that accumulate in macrophages and parenchymal cells and is a hemoglobin-derived, iron-containing pigment?
What is the insoluble product of the cell's lifetime of free radical injury and other insults known as?
What is the insoluble product of the cell's lifetime of free radical injury and other insults known as?
What are the 3 key biochemical events that may lead to damage in one or multiple compartments of the cell?
What are the 3 key biochemical events that may lead to damage in one or multiple compartments of the cell?
Which of the following is NOT a cellular target for free radical injury?
Which of the following is NOT a cellular target for free radical injury?
What is the most important target for free radical injury?
What is the most important target for free radical injury?
Which of the following is responsible for the breakage of membrane lipids?
Which of the following is responsible for the breakage of membrane lipids?
What happens when free radicals attack double bonds in polyunsaturated fatty acids of membrane lipids?
What happens when free radicals attack double bonds in polyunsaturated fatty acids of membrane lipids?
What are the breakage products of lipid peroxidation?
What are the breakage products of lipid peroxidation?
Which of the following is a characteristic of metaplasia?
Which of the following is a characteristic of metaplasia?
Which of the following is an example of metaplasia?
Which of the following is an example of metaplasia?
Which of the following is a cause of fatty change of the liver?
Which of the following is a cause of fatty change of the liver?
Which of the following is an example of an accumulation of protein in cells?
Which of the following is an example of an accumulation of protein in cells?
Which of the following is a characteristic of atheroma?
Which of the following is a characteristic of atheroma?
Which of the following is a correct statement about metaplasia?
Which of the following is a correct statement about metaplasia?
Which of the following is an example of metaplasia?
Which of the following is an example of metaplasia?
What is the term for the accumulation of triglycerides in hepatocytes?
What is the term for the accumulation of triglycerides in hepatocytes?
Which of the following is a correct statement about accumulations in cells?
Which of the following is a correct statement about accumulations in cells?
What is the term for the accumulation of proteins in proximal tubule cells of the kidney in patients with nephrotic syndrome?
What is the term for the accumulation of proteins in proximal tubule cells of the kidney in patients with nephrotic syndrome?
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