Pathology: Cell Injury and Its Causes
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Questions and Answers

What is the result of the accumulation of water, fat, protein, cholesterol, glycogen, iron, calcium, or pigments in the cell?

  • Apoptosis
  • Necrosis
  • Hypoxia
  • Reversible injury (correct)

Which of the following is not a cause of cell injury?

  • Nutritional imbalances
  • Hormonal imbalance (correct)
  • Genetic derangements
  • Infection

What is the result of severe or prolonged cell injury?

  • Mitochondrial damage
  • Reversible injury
  • Irreversible injury (correct)
  • Cell swelling

What is the mechanism of cell injury that involves the accumulation of oxygen-derived free radicals?

<p>Oxidative stress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of programmed cell death?

<p>Apoptosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a physical agent that can cause cell injury?

<p>Electric shock (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of the accumulation of lipofuscin in cells?

<p>Cellular injury (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which organs is fatty change, or steatosis, most commonly seen?

<p>Liver only (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the intracellular accumulation of water, characterized by small amounts of water causing cell swelling with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm?

<p>Cloudy swelling (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the accumulation of protein in the kidney, often as a result of proteinuria?

<p>Protein accumulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the type of cellular accumulation that occurs in patients with hemochromatosis?

<p>Iron accumulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between cloudy swelling and hydropic swelling?

<p>Amount of water accumulated (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of fatty change in the liver?

<p>Progress to liver cirrhosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic appearance of the liver in fatty change under a microscope?

<p>Small clear intracellular vacuoles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of diffuse fatty change in the heart?

<p>Heart failure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of special stains in the diagnosis of fatty change?

<p>To stain the fat orange or black (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of bilirubin accumulation in the liver?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the gross appearance of the liver in fatty change?

<p>Enlarged, soft, and greasy with a yellow color (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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