29 Questions
What is the function of the glomerulus in the nephron?
Filtration of blood to form filtrate
Which factor does not affect the color of urine?
Protein content in urine
What does the presence of leukocytes in urine indicate?
Urinary tract infection
What does the presence of ketones in urine indicate?
Use of fat for energy
Which term describes the overproduction of urine?
Polyuria
How do meats and citrus fruits differ in their effect on urine pH?
Meats lower urine pH, citrus fruits raise it
What is the role of calcitriol in the body?
Regulate calcium in the blood
What is the medical term for urination?
Micturition
Which structure regulates renin release to influence blood volume?
Macula Densa
Which of the following is NOT true about vitamin D?
It should be referred to as a hormone and not a vitamin
What happens if osmolarity is high in the renal system?
Cells contract to retain fluid
What is the function of erythropoietin (EPO) in the body?
Increase erythrocyte production
Which part of the nephron is responsible for most absorption and secretion?
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)
Why is regulating the blood's pH level important?
To maintain proper physiological functioning
What role do the kidneys play in hematopoiesis?
Produce erythropoietin (EPO)
What causes aquaporin channel proteins to pull water back into interstitial spaces for reabsorption?
ADH
What does systemic edema indicate?
Impaired renal function
What is responsible for absorbing most solutes and water from the nephron and returning them back into circulation?
Nephrons
What is the main function of the Loop of Henle in the nephron?
Reabsorption of water and solutes
Which structure empties into a papilla in the kidney?
Collecting Duct
What is the function of ADH in the kidney?
To promote water reabsorption
What is the role of urea in the Loop of Henle?
Rids the body of nitrogen
Which hormone increases the number of sodium pumps in the DCT?
Aldosterone
What is the final area where water balance and osmolarity adjustments occur in the kidneys?
Collecting ducts
Which hormone is also known as vasopressin and works to reabsorb water?
Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)
What happens if urine is clear according to the text?
Decreased ADH secretion
Which hormone influences calcitriol and results in higher calcium levels in the blood?
Parathyroid hormone
What is the action of natriuretic hormones in the kidneys?
Inhibit aldosterone and promote sodium excretion
What regulates acid and bases slowly in the body compared to the lungs?
Kidneys
Learn about the glomerulus, urine formation, factors affecting urine composition, urinalysis, and common urine characteristics. Understand how different factors can influence the color, odor, and protein levels in urine.
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