Glomerulus and Urine Composition

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What is the function of the glomerulus in the nephron?

Filtration of blood to form filtrate (correct)

Absorption of water

Storage of urine

Production of urine

Which factor does not affect the color of urine?

Water intake

Protein content in urine (correct)

Environmental temperature

Nutrient intake

What does the presence of leukocytes in urine indicate?

High sugar levels

Urinary tract infection (correct)

Dehydration

Kidney stones

What does the presence of ketones in urine indicate?

Use of fat for energy Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the overproduction of urine?

Polyuria Signup and view all the answers

How do meats and citrus fruits differ in their effect on urine pH?

Meats lower urine pH, citrus fruits raise it Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of calcitriol in the body?

Regulate calcium in the blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for urination?

Micturition Signup and view all the answers

Which structure regulates renin release to influence blood volume?

Macula Densa Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT true about vitamin D?

It should be referred to as a hormone and not a vitamin Signup and view all the answers

What happens if osmolarity is high in the renal system?

Cells contract to retain fluid Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of erythropoietin (EPO) in the body?

Increase erythrocyte production Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the nephron is responsible for most absorption and secretion?

Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT) Signup and view all the answers

Why is regulating the blood's pH level important?

To maintain proper physiological functioning Signup and view all the answers

What role do the kidneys play in hematopoiesis?

Produce erythropoietin (EPO) Signup and view all the answers

What causes aquaporin channel proteins to pull water back into interstitial spaces for reabsorption?

ADH Signup and view all the answers

What does systemic edema indicate?

Impaired renal function Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for absorbing most solutes and water from the nephron and returning them back into circulation?

Nephrons Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Loop of Henle in the nephron?

Reabsorption of water and solutes Signup and view all the answers

Which structure empties into a papilla in the kidney?

Collecting Duct Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ADH in the kidney?

To promote water reabsorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of urea in the Loop of Henle?

Rids the body of nitrogen Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone increases the number of sodium pumps in the DCT?

Aldosterone Signup and view all the answers

What is the final area where water balance and osmolarity adjustments occur in the kidneys?

Collecting ducts Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is also known as vasopressin and works to reabsorb water?

Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) Signup and view all the answers

What happens if urine is clear according to the text?

Decreased ADH secretion Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone influences calcitriol and results in higher calcium levels in the blood?

Parathyroid hormone Signup and view all the answers

What is the action of natriuretic hormones in the kidneys?

Inhibit aldosterone and promote sodium excretion Signup and view all the answers

What regulates acid and bases slowly in the body compared to the lungs?

Kidneys Signup and view all the answers