12 Questions
What is the term for illegal items that cause economic disadvantage to a country?
Smuggled goods
According to globalization pessimists, what is the primary goal of transnational corporations?
To expand their market and increase profits
What do pessimists label globalization as?
Mcworld and Cocacolonialisation
Why do pessimists think that globalization is damaging to the culture and environment?
Because it disrupts the cultural dynamics of non-Western societies
What is the primary concern of pessimists regarding TNCs?
Their lack of corporate social responsibility
What is the result of the promotion of English as the language of diplomacy and opportunity?
The marginalization of local languages and culture
What is one of the consequences of TNCs dominating the media, according to global pessimists?
It threatens democracy by suppressing dissenting voices
What is the main criticism of neoliberalism by its opponents?
It promotes the interests of rich countries at the expense of poor countries
What is the key assumption of the transformationalist view of globalization?
Globalization is a two-way process that can be favorable or unfavorable to both parties
What is the role of media in the globalization process, according to the transformationalist view?
It is a tool for democratising processes and triggering globalization from below
What is the result of globalization, according to the pessimist view?
It leads to the exploitation of poor countries by rich countries
What is the concept of 'glocalization'?
The merging of global and local cultures
Study Notes
Smuggled Goods
- Illegal items that cause an economic disadvantage for a country.
Globalization Perspectives
Global Pessimism
- Globalization is one-way and one-sided, benefiting only the West.
- Western institutions impose their ideas and policies on the rest of the world.
- Globalization is seen as a new form of imperialism, where transnational corporations expand their market at the expense of local cultures and environments.
- Local languages and cultures are marginalized, and the environment is damaged.
- The West presents their culture as superior, and this dominance threatens democracy.
Concerns of Global Pessimists
- Transnational corporations wield too much political and economic power.
- TNCs prioritize profit over environmental and social responsibility.
- TNCs present a respectable image in the media, threatening democracy.
Responses to Globalization
- Reasserting Local Identities: promoting local products and culture.
- Fatalism: surrendering to the flow of globalization.
- Violent Resistance: opposing globalization through violent means.
Critique of Neoliberalism
- Neoliberalism does not bring prosperity to developing countries, but rather exploits them.
- Deregulation, low taxation, and privatization of foreign investors cripple local economies and favor TNCs.
Transformationalist/Postmodernist View of Globalization
- Globalization is a two-way process that can be controlled and reversed.
- Human agency allows us to shape the process of globalization.
- Local cultures are not swallowed up by Western culture, but rather merge with global culture (glocalization).
- Global media can be empowering and democratizing.
Benefits of Globalization
- Global consciousness allows us to recognize and address common global problems (e.g., climate change, international terrorism, etc.).
Explore the pessimistic view of globalization, where Western institutions dominate and impose their ideas on the rest of the world. Is globalization just a new form of imperialism?
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