Global Cities and Marriage Practices Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of global cities according to Sassen?

Divided labor market

Integrated agricultural economy (correct)

Polarization in wealth

Transnational identity

What is a common concern of anti-globalism advocates?

Environmental issues (correct)

Promotion of local businesses

Increased corporate social responsibility

Enhanced global cooperation

Which city is NOT listed among the main global cities?

Beijing

Tokyo

Dubai

Barcelona (correct)

What aspect does alterglobalism primarily focus on?

Eradicating social injustice Signup and view all the answers

Which option represents a feature of the international labor market in global cities?

Diverse labor sectors Signup and view all the answers

Which type of marriage involves a widow marrying her deceased husband's brother?

Levirate Signup and view all the answers

What is the complete prohibition of sexual contact between certain relatives called?

Incest taboo Signup and view all the answers

Which form of marriage is most commonly practiced, accounting for about 80% of all societies?

Polygyny Signup and view all the answers

What is the practice of marrying individuals from different social groups called?

Exogamy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following typically involves the exchange of goods or payment?

Marriage Signup and view all the answers

Which type of marriage is the least commonly practiced?

Polyandry Signup and view all the answers

What is the cultural practice where individuals marry their cross-cousins known as?

Cousin marriage Signup and view all the answers

What is a common reason for divorce mentioned in various cultures?

Infertility Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary conclusion of the IPCC report signed by 195 countries?

Human-made changes significantly influence climate. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the nine barriers of Earth resilience?

Renewable energy consumption Signup and view all the answers

In which geological division does the Anthropocene epoch fall?

Cenozoic Signup and view all the answers

Which pair of challenges is NOT mentioned at an ontological level concerning the Anthropocene?

Biology - metaphysics Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding the three boundaries crossed since 2009 is correct?

CO2, biosphere, and nitrogen and phosphorus boundaries have been crossed. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes cultural evolution in relation to human biology?

Culture evolves faster than human biology. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not one of the change models mentioned related to cultural change?

Cultural imperialism Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of human classification from the kingdom down to species?

Mammalia - Primates - Hominidea - Homininae - Hominini - Homo - Homo sapiens Signup and view all the answers

What significant physical change in human ancestors is primarily driven by adaptation?

Changes in skull and brain size. Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the tendency to view one's own culture as superior to others?

Ethnocentrism Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes men's work in the context of division of labor?

It demands more strength, mobility, and risk-taking. Signup and view all the answers

What was a key tool associated with Homo habilis?

Oldowan tools used for hunting. Signup and view all the answers

Which age group is significantly involved in labor within hunter-gatherer societies?

Young children and elderly individuals. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary difference between biological and cultural adaptation?

Cultural adaptation can occur in a single generation. Signup and view all the answers

During which period did Homo erectus show significant biological and cultural adaptations?

Pleistocene Epoch Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the implications of compensatory mechanisms in egalitarian cultures?

They promote equal distribution of resources. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes 'reciprocal exchange'?

Exchange that impacts social bonds with a temporary aspect. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes redistribution as a form of exchange?

It originates from social structures and emphasizes prestige. Signup and view all the answers

What role does technology play in labor division among different societies?

It varies significantly across hunter-gatherer and agricultural groups. Signup and view all the answers

In traditional households, how is the exchange of labor and produced goods characterized?

It lacks intermediaries between labor and goods. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about women's work?

It is primarily focused around the home. Signup and view all the answers

What are the main aspects of globalization?

Political, Economic, Cultural Signup and view all the answers

Which corporation is noted for having significant historical power and trade influence from 1602 to 1799?

Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie (VOC) Signup and view all the answers

What economic power dynamics emerged in Brazil during the 1964 military coup?

Partnership with corporations for road construction Signup and view all the answers

What was a major consequence of Coca Cola's operations in Mexico?

Privatization of water resources Signup and view all the answers

What mechanisms began globalization after World War II?

Development of international organizations Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant characteristic of modern corporations highlighted in the content?

Economic power overshadowing political power Signup and view all the answers

What is glyphosate primarily used for?

Non-selective herbicide in agriculture Signup and view all the answers

What can be an outcome of corporate practices regarding the appropriation of ideas and resources?

Exploitation of local resources for profit Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

IPCC Report

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released a report in 2021.
The report, titled "Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis," was signed by 195 countries.
A key conclusion is that human activity significantly influences climate change.

Anthropocene

Anthropocene is a proposed geological division of Earth history.
It's characterized by the significant influence of human activities on the planet.
The current epoch is known as the Holocene.
Specific epochs: Pliocene, Pleistocene, Holocene.
Human activities impact Earth's systems.

Barriers to Earth Resilience

Climate change is a key barrier.
Biosphere integrity is another barrier.
Stratospheric ozone depletion is a barrier.
Ocean acidification poses a barrier.
Biochemical flows (nitrogen and phosphorus) to the biosphere and oceans are a concern.
Land system change is significant.
Freshwater consumption needs attention.
Air pollution and the release of novel entities impacts resilience.

Climate Change

A significant increase in atmospheric CO2 levels has been observed since 1950.
Greenhouse effect intensifies.
Global temperature averages are rising.
Ocean waters are warming.
Glacial ice is decreasing in size.

COP 2021 (COP26)

The primary goal was to find solutions to limit temperature increases.
Fossil fuel reduction was a key aim.
Investment in renewable energy sources was encouraged.
Protection of societies and nature was a priority.
Financial mobilization for climate action was targeted.
Collaboration between governments and societies was emphasized.

COP 2022 (COP27)

The UN climate change conference in Sharm el-Sheikh aimed to limit global temperature increases.
Loss and damage funds were created.
Addressing climate change was a key thematic aspect.
Financing for poorer countries was a complex issue.

COP 2023

The 2023 conference on climate change aimed for more inclusive discussions.
Increasing global ambition in climate mitigation was an objective.
Operationalizing the loss and damage fund was proposed.

COP 2024

The aims include solidarity within the global community for improved environmental outcomes.
Funding for increased adaptation and mitigation is being targeted.

UN - Other Actions

The UNDP focuses on reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation.
Indigenous and tribal rights are viewed as critical to environmental protection.
Local projects are seen as important.
"Saving forests to keep our climate safe." is a project aim.

Climate Catastrophe

The climate crisis creates a broader challenge that includes an equally important societal crisis.
The current climate conditions call for a shift in societal imagination.
People, including those in positions of power, need to act.

Beyond Anthropocene

The idea of anthropocene is a focus on human impact on nature.
Humans are increasingly acknowledging their part in shaping natural processes.
A move towards an ecocentric rather than anthropocentric worldview is discussed.

Anthropology

Anthropology is the science of the human species across all times and places.
Its research aims to explain why people in different cultures behave as they do.

Subsidiaries of Anthropology

Physical anthropology
Cultural anthropology
Applied anthropology
Academic anthropology
Social anthropology
Historic anthropology

Divisions of Anthropology

Ethnography
Ethnology
Anthropology

Perspectivism

It's a philosophical view which emphasizes that cognitive perception varies with differences in human experience, interpretation and understanding of phenomena.
It's challenging, if not impossible, for anthropology to achieve objectivity and neutrality, as any interpretation of events from a different cultural perspective are subject to many factors from different backgrounds and beliefs.

The Idea of Culture

Culture is a set of ideas, values, and perceptions prevalent in a society.
This shared understanding guides decision-making processes.
The characteristics define social groups.

Anthropogenesis

Evolution of humankind is a focus.
This includes physical changes and adaptations over time, alongside cultural evolution.
Crucial periods, such as the Stone Age, are detailed.

Chronological Order

Major human species timelines are outlined, covering important stages of human evolution and historical records.

Origins of Humans

The competing theories about human origins (Multiregional and "Out-of-Africa") are described.
The coexistence of different archaic Homo species during the Paleolithic is emphasized.

Anthropogenesis Clarification

Homo sapiens are central, dated to approximately 300,000 years ago.
The 40,000-year period (Out of Africa) is highlighted.

Physical Diversity

The concept of "race" is critiqued in relation to biology.
There are no fundamental differences in intelligence among human populations.
The variety in physical traits is linked to environmental pressures and adaptations.

Neolithic Revolution

The transition from hunter-gatherer to agricultural societies is examined.
This shift altered social structures, land usage and lifestyle for humans.

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Description

This quiz explores the characteristics of global cities as defined by sociologist Saskia Sassen, along with various aspects of marriage practices around the world. It covers topics such as global relationships, anti-globalism concerns, and cultural marriage norms. Test your knowledge on these interconnected themes in social science.