Genetics: Chapter 02 Extension to Mendel's Laws Quiz

What did Mendel primarily study in terms of gene alleles?

Genes with two alleles

How many alleles can a gene have?

More than two alleles

What is the unique feature of human histocompatibility antigens in terms of their alleles?

Each allele is codominant to every other allele

What is the significance of ABO blood types in humans in relation to alleles?

They exhibit multiple alleles of one gene Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical implication of having type AB blood?

Universal recipient for blood transfusions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about mutations is most accurate?

Mutations arise spontaneously and can give rise to new alleles Signup and view all the answers

What does allele frequency represent in a population?

The percentage of the total number of gene copies for one allele in a population Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the mouse agouti gene, which allele produces yellow and black pigment in hair?

A Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean when a gene is considered polymorphic?

It has more than one common allele Signup and view all the answers

What is the phenomenon where a single gene determines several distinct and seemingly unrelated characteristics known as?

Pleiotropy Signup and view all the answers

What is a gene?

A unit of heredity that transmits traits from one generation to the next Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes heredity?

The process by which genes transmit traits from one generation to the next Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of variation in nature according to Mendel's work?

Variation provides for continuously evolving diversity Signup and view all the answers

What are genes responsible for?

Transmitting traits from one generation to the next Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'genome' refer to?

All the genetic information within an individual Signup and view all the answers

What is heredity according to Mendel's principles?

The transmission of traits from one generation to the next through genes Signup and view all the answers

What was Mendel the first scientist to combine in order to understand heredity?

Data collection and analysis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following theories contributed to misinterpretation of variation in selective breeding experiments during Mendel's time?

The blended inheritance theory Signup and view all the answers

What were the characteristics of Mendel's experimental organism, the garden pea, that contributed to the success of his experiments?

Easy to cross-fertilization or selfing Signup and view all the answers

What did Mendel primarily study in terms of gene pairs in peas?

Seven pairs of traits Signup and view all the answers

Which type of crosses did Mendel include in his controlled breeding program of pea plants?

Reciprocal crosses Signup and view all the answers

What was the misleading theory that claimed parental traits become mixed (averaged) and permanently changed in the offspring?

The blended inheritance theory Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of reciprocal crosses in Mendel's experiments?

They proved that it did not matter which parent was male or female Signup and view all the answers

What did Mendel study in peas that remained constant in crosses within a line?

Discrete traits that remained constant Signup and view all the answers

What were the key characteristics of Mendel's experimental organism, the garden pea, that contributed to the success of his experiments?

Large numbers of progeny produced within a short time Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following theories about inheritance proposed that inherited features of offspring are contributed by the male parent via fully formed miniature offspring in the sperm?

The homunculus theory Signup and view all the answers