Genetics and Mendel's Laws Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the phenotype of all offspring when the parental genotype is 'pp*pp'?

  • Homozygous dominant
  • Heterozygous
  • Homozygous recessive (correct)
  • None of the above

    • What is the principle that explains the separation of allele pairs during gamete formation?

  • The principle of dominance
  • The principle of independent assortment
  • The principle of segregation (correct)
  • The principle of linked genes

    • Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the sex chromosomes of birds and mammals?

  • Birds have a ZW sex chromosome system, while mammals have an XY system. (correct)
  • Both birds and mammals have an XX sex chromosome system.
  • Birds have an XY sex chromosome system, while mammals have a ZW system.
  • Both birds and mammals have the same sex chromosomes.

    • Which of the following events leads to Down's syndrome (trisomy 21)?

    <p>Failure of homologous chromosomes to separate normally during meiosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the complete set of chromosomes in a cell?

    <p>Karyotype (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a true statement related to variations in chromosome number?

    <p>Trisomy refers to the loss of a single chromosome. (A), Monosomy refers to the gain of a single chromosome. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a mutation that causes a decrease in an organism's ability to survive?

    <p>Harmful mutation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a genotype?

    <p>The gene combination responsible for hair color (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following mating systems is characterized by an increase in homozygosity?

    <p>Inbreeding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following variations in chromosome structure involves the transfer of a chromosome part to another chromosome?

    <p>Translocation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following animals has 78 chromosomes?

    <p>Chicken (B), Dog (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between phenotype, genotype, and environment?

    <p>Phenotype = Genotype + Environment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a prerequisite for domestication?

    <p>Aggressive temperament (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Genotype and Phenotype Prediction

    • Genotype of parents can predict offspring phenotype
    • Homozygous recessive offspring have a homozygous recessive genotype (pp)

    Mendel's Laws

    • Discovered principles of dominance, segregation, and independent assortment
    • Birds and mammals do NOT have the same sex chromosomes (false)
    • Animal genotypes CAN be manipulated by breeding (true)

    Karyotype

    • A complete set of chromosomes is called a karyotype

    Chromosome Numbers

    • All body cells (except gametes) have a diploid number of chromosomes (true)
    • Down syndrome (trisomy 21) results from homologous chromosomes failing to separate during meiosis

    Predicting Offspring

    • Offspring phenotypes can be predicted by crossing heterozygous parents
    • Crossing Yy and Yy will result in offspring with the following genotypes: YY, Yy, Yy, yy

    Codominance

    • Heterozygous chickens with black and white speckled feathers is an example of codominance

    Gene Expression

    • Many factors alter animal phenotypes (true)
    • Production of sex cells is called gametogenesis (true)
    • Only changes in chromosome structure can cause genetic disorders (false)

    Embryo Chromosomes

    • Embryos don't have the haploid number of chromosomes (false)

    Mutations

    • Mutations make organisms less able to survive (cause death)

    Genetic Terminology

    • Autosomes: Chromosomes that control somatic characters
    • Sex chromosomes: Chromosomes that control sexual characters
    • Polyploidy: Chromosomal number is a multiple of the normal haploid (e.g., 3n or 4n)
    • Aneuploidy: Gain or loss of a single chromosome
    • Monosomy: Loss of a single chromosome
    • Trisomy: Gain of a single chromosome
    • Variations in chromosome structure include deletion, duplication, translocation, and inversion

    Mating Systems

    • Inbreeding increases homozygosity
    • Line breeding is a type of inbreeding
    • Outbreeding increases heterozygosity

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    Related Documents

    Genetics Quiz 1 PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on genotype and phenotype prediction along with Mendel's principles of heredity. Explore karyotypes, chromosome numbers, and genetic crosses to deepen your understanding of heredity in organisms. This quiz covers essential concepts in genetics, including codominance and gene expression.

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