General Biology 2: Systematics and Phylogenetics

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What is the main reason scientists classify living organisms?

To understand the evolutionary relationships among species

To determine the characteristics of unknown species

To distinguish between known and unknown species (correct)

To describe the physical features of each species

Who is credited with creating the 'Scala Naturae' or 'The Great Chain of Being'?

A Greek philosopher

Aristotle (correct)

A taxonomist

A biologist

Why do scientists use the Binomial System of Nomenclature?

Because it is a more complex system

Because it is a more modern system

Because common names vary by dialect

Because common names are often misleading (correct)

What is the term for the study of the evolutionary relationships among species?

Phylogenetics Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a person who studies how to classify organisms?

Taxonomist Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the system of names or terms used to identify species?

Binomial System of Nomenclature Signup and view all the answers

What type of fungi is typically found in a lichen?

Ascomycota Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the hyphae in mycorrhizae?

To act as root extensions Signup and view all the answers

Which type of plants lack a vascular system?

Non-vascular plants Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the digestive enzymes secreted by the fungus in mycorrhizae?

To break down organic matter in the soil Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fungi is used to make fermented beverages such as beer and wine?

Ascomycota Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of seed producing plants?

They have one or two seed leaves Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for bacteria that use inorganic compounds as their energy source?

Chemosynthesizers Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for 'true' bacteria and blue-green algae?

Eubacteria Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of prokaryotic cells?

They have peptidoglycan in their cell walls Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for bacteria that obtain their energy by acquiring food from other sources?

Heterotrophs Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the technique developed by Hans Christian Gram in 1884?

Gram Staining Technique Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the shape of bacteria that form clusters?

Cocci Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of gymnosperms?

Produces seeds without a fruit Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bacteria requires oxygen for survival?

Obligate aerobes Signup and view all the answers

What type of symmetry is exhibited by an animal with body parts radiating from a central point?

Radial symmetry Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cell transport?

To regulate what enters and leaves the cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of segmentation in animals?

Division into repeating units Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of rotifers?

They are small, free-swimming organisms less than 1 mm long Signup and view all the answers

What process involves capturing substances from outside the cell by engulfing them with the cell membrane?

Endocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between monocots and dicots?

Number of cotyledons Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic unique to the kingdom Protista?

Ability to fix nitrogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of nitrogen fixation by Rhizobacteria?

Ammonia (NH3) Signup and view all the answers

What is the largest kingdom in the living world?

Animalia Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Cyanobacteria?

Production of oxygen and resemblance to algae Signup and view all the answers