Podcast
Questions and Answers
The process of genetic engineering includes the identification of an organism that contains a desirable ______.
The process of genetic engineering includes the identification of an organism that contains a desirable ______.
gene
A circular piece of DNA called a ______ is removed from a bacterial cell for genetic engineering.
A circular piece of DNA called a ______ is removed from a bacterial cell for genetic engineering.
plasmid
The inserted plasmid DNA that contains the host gene can multiply to make several ______ of the wanted gene.
The inserted plasmid DNA that contains the host gene can multiply to make several ______ of the wanted gene.
copies
The process that allows a bacterial cell to acquire a gene from a different organism is known as ______ DNA technology.
The process that allows a bacterial cell to acquire a gene from a different organism is known as ______ DNA technology.
Once the bacterial cells reproduce, the inserted gene is also ______ in the newly created cells.
Once the bacterial cells reproduce, the inserted gene is also ______ in the newly created cells.
Republic Act 8293, section _____ states that no copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines.
Republic Act 8293, section _____ states that no copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines.
The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim _____ over the borrowed materials.
The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim _____ over the borrowed materials.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek _____ to use borrowed materials.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek _____ to use borrowed materials.
The _____ Team of the Module includes writers, editors, and reviewers.
The _____ Team of the Module includes writers, editors, and reviewers.
Candelaria A. _____ served as both an editor and a reviewer in the development of the module.
Candelaria A. _____ served as both an editor and a reviewer in the development of the module.
The Chief Education Supervisor for CID is _____ D. Montero.
The Chief Education Supervisor for CID is _____ D. Montero.
The _____ of Learner section in the module requires students to fill in their personal details.
The _____ of Learner section in the module requires students to fill in their personal details.
In the title, 'Module 1: _____ DNA' refers to a key concept in genetics.
In the title, 'Module 1: _____ DNA' refers to a key concept in genetics.
The process of introducing a foreign piece of DNA into an organism's genome is known as ______ DNA technology.
The process of introducing a foreign piece of DNA into an organism's genome is known as ______ DNA technology.
Bacterial enzymes that cut DNA molecules at specific sequences are called ______ enzymes.
Bacterial enzymes that cut DNA molecules at specific sequences are called ______ enzymes.
The specific sites where restriction enzymes cut DNA are known as ______ sequences.
The specific sites where restriction enzymes cut DNA are known as ______ sequences.
Once introduced into bacteria, recombinant plasmids can be replicated as the ______ reproduce.
Once introduced into bacteria, recombinant plasmids can be replicated as the ______ reproduce.
The ends of DNA fragments that can form base pairs with complementary bases are known as ______ ends.
The ends of DNA fragments that can form base pairs with complementary bases are known as ______ ends.
The gene that is introduced into the host organism is called the ______ gene.
The gene that is introduced into the host organism is called the ______ gene.
After inserting the desired gene, the next step involves selecting an appropriate ______ to integrate the gene into the host.
After inserting the desired gene, the next step involves selecting an appropriate ______ to integrate the gene into the host.
The result of cloning a foreign gene in bacteria leads to a ______ colony.
The result of cloning a foreign gene in bacteria leads to a ______ colony.
The topic/purpose of the infographic was clear and concise, allowing the viewer to understand the ______.
The topic/purpose of the infographic was clear and concise, allowing the viewer to understand the ______.
Data of the infographic was accurate and relevant to the ______.
Data of the infographic was accurate and relevant to the ______.
The infographic had a great layout, with applicable ______ creating an average layout.
The infographic had a great layout, with applicable ______ creating an average layout.
The color scheme enhanced the infographic and did not ______ the infographic.
The color scheme enhanced the infographic and did not ______ the infographic.
Citations for the infographic's sources were ______.
Citations for the infographic's sources were ______.
The font was ______, and the color scheme enhanced the infographic.
The font was ______, and the color scheme enhanced the infographic.
The topic/purpose was somewhat broad and did not meet the ______ expectations.
The topic/purpose was somewhat broad and did not meet the ______ expectations.
There was an overload of ______ in the infographic.
There was an overload of ______ in the infographic.
The shaded region represents the ______ gene site.
The shaded region represents the ______ gene site.
In genetic engineering, the process often begins by cutting out ______ along dotted lines.
In genetic engineering, the process often begins by cutting out ______ along dotted lines.
One of the key steps in genetic engineering is to compare each enzyme ______ to the base sequences.
One of the key steps in genetic engineering is to compare each enzyme ______ to the base sequences.
The ______ on the flow chart represents the process of genetic engineering.
The ______ on the flow chart represents the process of genetic engineering.
Genetic engineering is not simply an extension of conventional plant ______.
Genetic engineering is not simply an extension of conventional plant ______.
Recombinant ______ technology allows for the manipulation of DNA for various applications.
Recombinant ______ technology allows for the manipulation of DNA for various applications.
Genetically modified organisms often raise concerns about their ______ to the environment.
Genetically modified organisms often raise concerns about their ______ to the environment.
Fast facts about genetically modified organisms can be found on the ______ website.
Fast facts about genetically modified organisms can be found on the ______ website.
Agrobacterium ______ is used as a vector to move genes into plant cells.
Agrobacterium ______ is used as a vector to move genes into plant cells.
The most challenging issue facing genome sequencing is the inability to develop fast and accurate ______ techniques.
The most challenging issue facing genome sequencing is the inability to develop fast and accurate ______ techniques.
Genomics can be used in agriculture to improve disease resistance and generate new ______ strains.
Genomics can be used in agriculture to improve disease resistance and generate new ______ strains.
Scientists have a general idea of where the gene will go and what it will do to the plant, but they cannot predict with ______ where an inserted gene will go on a plant chromosome.
Scientists have a general idea of where the gene will go and what it will do to the plant, but they cannot predict with ______ where an inserted gene will go on a plant chromosome.
Genes can escape from genetically modified crops and jump to other ______.
Genes can escape from genetically modified crops and jump to other ______.
To produce recombinant DNA, using a ______ enzyme to cut DNA and form sticky ends is essential.
To produce recombinant DNA, using a ______ enzyme to cut DNA and form sticky ends is essential.
To produce transgenic bacteria that make insulin, scientists had to first insert the human ______ gene into a plasmid.
To produce transgenic bacteria that make insulin, scientists had to first insert the human ______ gene into a plasmid.
The bacterium that contains both human DNA and bacterial DNA is now considered a/an ______.
The bacterium that contains both human DNA and bacterial DNA is now considered a/an ______.
Flashcards
Recombinant DNA Technology
Recombinant DNA Technology
A technology that uses enzymes to cut and join DNA molecules from different sources, creating novel DNA combinations.
Restriction Enzyme
Restriction Enzyme
A type of enzyme that cuts DNA at specific nucleotide sequences, leaving behind "sticky ends" that can be joined to other DNA fragments.
Sticky Ends
Sticky Ends
Short, single-stranded overhangs of DNA created by restriction enzymes that allow for complementary base pairing with other DNA fragments.
Vector
Vector
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Plasmid
Plasmid
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Transformation
Transformation
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Genetic Engineering
Genetic Engineering
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DNA Cloning
DNA Cloning
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Restriction Enzyme Recognition Site
Restriction Enzyme Recognition Site
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Recombinant DNA
Recombinant DNA
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Gene Cloning
Gene Cloning
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What is an infographic?
What is an infographic?
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What is a rubric?
What is a rubric?
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How important is accurate data?
How important is accurate data?
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What makes a good layout?
What makes a good layout?
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Why is color and font important?
Why is color and font important?
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What is the importance of citing sources?
What is the importance of citing sources?
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What are the key elements of a strong infographic?
What are the key elements of a strong infographic?
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What is a common method for transferring genes into plants?
What is a common method for transferring genes into plants?
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What is the most challenging ethical issue in genome sequencing?
What is the most challenging ethical issue in genome sequencing?
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What is genomics?
What is genomics?
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How can genomics be used to improve agriculture?
How can genomics be used to improve agriculture?
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Can scientists control the exact location of an inserted gene on a plant chromosome?
Can scientists control the exact location of an inserted gene on a plant chromosome?
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Can genes escape from genetically modified plants?
Can genes escape from genetically modified plants?
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What is NOT essential for creating recombinant DNA?
What is NOT essential for creating recombinant DNA?
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What is the first step in creating transgenic bacteria to produce insulin?
What is the first step in creating transgenic bacteria to produce insulin?
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Study Notes
General Biology 2 - 2nd Semester - Module 1 - Recombinant DNA
- Module Details: This module covers recombinant DNA, genetic engineering, and genetically modified organisms (GMOs).
- Biological Principles: The central dogma of molecular biology explains the flow of genetic information from genes to protein.
- Activity 1: DECODE ME: This activity assesses understanding of protein synthesis and how DNA modification affects organismal characteristics. Includes identifying biomolecules like DNA, amino acids, and the process of replication.
- Activity 2: Explain the Modification: This activity focuses on observations and analysis of rice color differences, and the concept of modification to the genetic makeup of plants (and animals) through genetic engineering.
- Genetic Engineering: This process directly alters an organism's genome by manipulating DNA. DNA serves as a universal genetic language across all organisms.
- Genetic Engineering Techniques: Involves identifying a desirable gene, extracting it, isolating it, preparing the target DNA, inserting the new DNA into a plasmid, reintroducing the plasmid into a cell, enabling plasmid multiplication, and then producing proteins from the inserted gene.
- Recombinant DNA Technology: This technique introduces a foreign DNA sequence into an organism's genome. This process utilizes tools like restriction enzymes, which cut DNA at specific sequences, creating "sticky ends".
- Transgenic Plants: Created by inserting and transferring genes to modify plant characteristics (e.g., resistance to herbicides, insects, or viruses).
- Transgenic Animals: Used to produce specific proteins or pharmaceutical compounds while also enabling greater speed and range of selective breeding.
- Hormones: Recombinant DNA technology allows large-scale production of hormones like insulin; the process involves inserting the relevant gene into a bacterial cell.
- Vaccines: DNA vaccines, created through recombinant DNA technology, have revolutionized approaches to treating and preventing infectious diseases like polio, malaria, cholera, hepatitis, etc.
- Interferon: Interferons, glycoproteins produced by cells infected by viruses, exhibit antiviral and anti-cancer properties and are produced in high quantities using recombinant DNA technology.
- Antibiotics: Methods using recombinant DNA technology increase the production of antibiotics.
- Commercially important Chemicals: Recombinant DNA technology aids in producing commercially important chemicals, like alcohols, organic acids, and vitamins.
- Enzyme Engineering: This involves modifying enzyme structure, achieved by altering the gene that encodes the enzyme.
- Disease Prevention and Treatment: Genetic engineering has revolutionized diagnosis and prevention of diseases, including producing monoclonal antibodies and applying gene therapy techniques.
- Activity 3 & 4: In these activities, students understand the techniques surrounding desirable traits. Recombinant DNA technology and traditional breeding processes are examined, with activities like identifying desirable traits and explaining the techniques used to achieve them.
- Activity 5: This activity deals with manipulating plasmids and using restriction enzymes, examining the process of creating recombinant DNA.
- Assessment: This section includes comprehension questions on genetic engineering and its applications.
Additional Activities
- Activity 8: This activity requires creating infographics about the pros and cons of genetic engineering. This section also provides a rubric for evaluation.
Appendix
- Restriction Enzyme Sequence Cards: These provide reference sequences for restriction enzyme activity.
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of recombinant DNA and genetic engineering in this module. Understand the principles of molecular biology that guide genetic modification in organisms. Engage in activities that highlight protein synthesis and the implications of genetic engineering on traits in plants and animals.
