Gastrointestinal Medications: Chapter 37 Overview of Peptic Ulcer Disease and GERD

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What is the primary mechanism by which Helicobacter pylori bacteria cause peptic ulcer disease?

By increasing gastric acid production

By reducing the production of prostaglandins

By inhibiting the production of protective mucus layers (correct)

By releasing toxins that directly damage the epithelial lining

Which of the following medications is most likely to interact with multiple drugs?

Omeprazole

Cimetidine (correct)

Famotidine

Ranitidine

What is the primary benefit of taking proton pump inhibitors on an empty stomach?

To enhance the efficacy of the medication (correct)

To increase the absorption of the medication

To reduce the risk of drug interactions

To reduce the risk of adverse effects

Which of the following is a characteristic of duodenal ulcers?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using misoprostol with NSAIDs?

To prevent NSAID-induced peptic ulcers Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of antacids?

Neutralization of gastric acid Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of sucralfate in treating nausea and vomiting?

It binds to the gastric mucosa Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common side effect of phenothiazines, such as promethazine?

Anticholinergic effects Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for the use of ondansetron?

Moderate to severe nausea and vomiting in chemotherapy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is a surfactant laxative?

Docusate Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of bulk-forming laxatives such as psyllium?

Increasing the bulk of the stool Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is an anti-histamine H-1 receptor blocker?

Hydroxyzine Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of phenothiazines in treating nausea and vomiting?

Blocks dopamine receptors Signup and view all the answers

Which type of laxative increases the bulk of stool, making it easier to pass?

Bulk-forming laxative Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of using anti-histamines in treating nausea and vomiting?

Antagonizes H-1 receptors Signup and view all the answers

Which type of medication is commonly used to treat moderate to severe nausea and vomiting?

Serotonin receptor antagonists Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of sucralfate in treating nausea and vomiting?

Binds to the gastric mucosa Signup and view all the answers

Which type of laxative decreases the surface tension of stool, making it easier to pass?

Surfactant laxative Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of constipation?

Infrequent and painful expulsion of hard, dry stools Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of stimulant laxatives in treating constipation?

Increase gut motility Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of peptic ulcer disease and GERD?

Overproduction of gastric acid and pepsin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major risk factor for peptic ulcer disease?

Cigarette smoking Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between antacids and histamine-2 receptor antagonists?

Antacids neutralize acid, while histamine-2 receptor antagonists reduce acid production Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is used to prevent ulcers when taking NSAIDs?

Misoprostol Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of using proton pump inhibitors?

They reduce acid production Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of gastric ulcers?

Pain worsens with food intake Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of famotidine over cimetidine?

Famotidine is less likely to interact with other drugs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is used to treat both peptic ulcer disease and GERD?