Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
Which function of the skeletal system involves protecting vital organs?
What part of the skeleton includes the shoulders, arms, hips, and legs?
Which type of bone shape is found in the skull?
What is one of the functions of the skeletal system related to muscle action?
Signup and view all the answers
Which mineral is predominantly stored in the bones?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of marrow in the skeletal system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main support center for the upper body in the skeletal system?
Signup and view all the answers
How many basic bone shapes are identified in the human skeleton?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of red marrow in bones?
Signup and view all the answers
Which layer of bone is located just beneath the periosteum?
Signup and view all the answers
What characteristic of spongy bone contributes to its lightweight yet strong nature?
Signup and view all the answers
What percentage of an adult's body weight is made up of bone?
Signup and view all the answers
What two minerals are primarily involved in the composition of bones?
Signup and view all the answers
Which tissue is predominantly present in an infant's skeleton before it is replaced by solid bone?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a correct description of the bone's periosteum?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary purpose of yellow marrow in bones?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of joint allows the greatest range of motion?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of the clavicle in the shoulder joint?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a type of movable joint?
Signup and view all the answers
Which bones are the radius and ulna associated with?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of joint allows for forward and backward motion like a door?
Signup and view all the answers
Which bone is referred to as the largest bone in the body?
Signup and view all the answers
Which region of the vertebral column is responsible for connecting the ribs?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of cartilage in the joints?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Functions of the Skeletal System
- Provides points of attachment for muscles, enabling movement.
- Supports the body, with the backbone being the main support center for the upper body.
- Protects vital organs, like the brain (skull) and heart and lungs (ribcage).
- Produces blood cells through red bone marrow located within bones.
- Stores minerals like calcium and phosphorus for the body's use.
Major Skeletal System Parts
- Axial Skeleton: Includes the skull, spine, ribs, and sternum.
- Appendicular Skeleton: Includes the shoulders, arms, hips, and legs, forming the appendages of the body.
Basic Bone Shapes
- Long Bones: Found in arms, legs, and fingers.
- Short Bones: Located in the wrist and ankles.
- Flat Bones: Make up the skull and sternum.
- Irregular Bones: Compose the spine.
Structure of Bone
- Periosteum: The tough outer membrane that covers bones.
- Compact Bone: The hard, dense layer beneath the periosteum, containing canals for blood vessels and nerves.
- Spongy Bone: Found beneath the compact bone, with many small spaces, making it lightweight but strong.
-
Bone Marrow: Fills the gaps in the spongy bone and exists in two types: red and yellow.
- Red Bone Marrow: Produces most of the body's blood cells.
- Yellow Bone Marrow: Stores fat for energy reserves.
Bone Strength
- Bones are both strong and lightweight due to their structure.
- Bones are composed of 20% of an adult's body weight.
- The main minerals in bone are calcium and phosphorus.
Bone Development
- Most bones have a cartilage base in infants.
- Cartilage is gradually replaced by solid bone until growth stops.
- Cartilage persists in adults in some joints to protect the ends of bones.
Human Skeleton - The Clavicle
- The clavicle (collarbone) holds the shoulder joint away from the rest of the upper body, being thin like a little finger.
Human Skeleton - The Scapula
- The scapula (shoulder blade) is located on the back of the ribcage, contributing to the shoulder joint and arm movement.
Human Skeleton - The Vertebral Column (Spinal Cord)
- Composed of 3 main regions:
- Cervical Region: Neck bones
- Thoracic Region: Where ribs attach
- Lumbar Region: The lower part of the back
Human Skeleton - Coccyx & Sacrum
- Coccyx: "Tailbone," the final segment of the spine.
- Sacrum: Located near the pelvis, connecting the spine to the hips.
Human Skeleton - Bones of the Arm & Hand
- Humerus: The upper arm bone.
-
Radius & Ulna: The two bones of the forearm:
- Radius: Located on the top of the forearm.
- Ulna: Located on the bottom of the forearm.
- Carpals: The wrist bones.
- Metacarpals: The bones in the palm of the hand.
- Phalanges: The bones of the fingers (little fingers).
Human Skeleton - Rib Cage & Sternum
- Rib Cage: Protects the heart and lungs.
- Sternum: The breastbone.
Human Skeleton - Bones of the Leg & Foot
- Pelvis: The bone structure that supports the lower body.
- Femur: The largest bone in the body, located in the thigh.
- Tibia & Fibula: The two bones of the lower leg.
- Tarsals: Ankle bones.
- Metatarsals: Bones in the foot, located between the tarsals and phalanges.
- Phalanges: The bones of the toes.
Joints
- A joint is where two bones come together.
- Joints allow for various movement and are categorized as:
- Immovable Joints: Allow little to no movement.
- Movable Joints: Allow the body a wide range of movements, held together by ligaments.
Types of Movable Joints
-
Ball-and-Socket Joint:
- One bone's round end fits snugly into another bone.
- Allows the greatest range of motion, like the shoulder and hip.
-
Hinge Joint:
- Allows movement in one direction, like a door.
- Examples include the knee and elbow.
-
Pivot Joint:
- Allows rotation, found in the neck (between the atlas and axis).
-
Gliding Joint:
- Allows bones to slide over one another, found in the wrists and ankles.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Explore the essential functions and structures of the skeletal system, including major parts and types of bones. This quiz covers aspects such as support, protection, and mineral storage, as well as the classification of bone shapes. Test your knowledge on the axial and appendicular skeletons and their roles in the human body.
