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Questions and Answers
What is one of the applications mentioned for solar panels in the text?
What is one of the applications mentioned for solar panels in the text?
Which of the following is NOT a type of biofuel mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is NOT a type of biofuel mentioned in the text?
What is one of the advantages of renewable energy sources mentioned in the text?
What is one of the advantages of renewable energy sources mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is a reason for reducing dependence on imported fuels as stated in the text?
Which of the following is a reason for reducing dependence on imported fuels as stated in the text?
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How do renewable energy technologies contribute to economic development according to the text?
How do renewable energy technologies contribute to economic development according to the text?
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Which of the following is a type of solid biomass mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is a type of solid biomass mentioned in the text?
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What is one of the negative impacts of conventional energy sources mentioned in the text?
What is one of the negative impacts of conventional energy sources mentioned in the text?
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How do renewables help meet Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) according to the text?
How do renewables help meet Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) according to the text?
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Why is reducing pollution a benefit of renewable energy sources mentioned in the text?
Why is reducing pollution a benefit of renewable energy sources mentioned in the text?
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In what way do renewables balance the use of fossil fuels according to the text?
In what way do renewables balance the use of fossil fuels according to the text?
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Study Notes
Climate Change Impacts
- Rising sea levels and altered precipitation patterns expected due to climate change.
- Increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events anticipated.
Greenhouse Gases
- Key greenhouse gases include:
- Carbon dioxide (CO2)
- Methane (CH4)
- Nitrous oxide (N2O)
- Hydrofluorocarbons (HFC)
- Perfluorocarbons (PFC)
- Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6)
Global Energy Trends
- Significant decrease in gas demand noted compared to the previous year’s projections.
- Low-emission energy sources, particularly renewables, leading the growth of the energy sector.
- Fossil fuel usage faces a definitive peak, with a projected reduction to around 60% share in the energy mix by 2050.
Philippines Energy Status
- National Renewable Energy Program (NREP) sets targets for renewable energy:
- At least 35% share in power generation mix by 2030.
- Aspiration to increase to at least 50% by 2040.
Energy Sources
- Non-renewable sources: Include fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) and nuclear energy.
- Renewable sources: Inexhaustible energy forms such as wind, solar, geothermal, tidal/wave, and hydroelectric power.
Fossil Fuels Overview
- Fossil fuels are derived from decomposed carbon-based organisms, providing around 60% of global electrical power and over 80% of total energy demands.
- Extraction and burning processes contribute to environmental concerns.
Fossil Fuel Operations
- Coal combustion involves crushing to dust and burning.
- Oil and natural gas can burn directly, facilitating energy generation through steam turbines connected to generators.
Advantages of Fossil Fuels
- Capable of generating substantial electricity in centralized locations.
- Easy transportation of oil and gas to power stations.
- High efficiency of gas-fired power plants.
- Versatility in power station location.
Disadvantages of Fossil Fuels
- Major contribution to pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.
- Sulfur dioxide from coal contributes to acid rain.
- Environmental hazards related to crude oil spills and coal mining.
Nuclear Energy Dynamics
- Nuclear energy generated through fission, splitting atoms (typically uranium) to release stored chemical energy.
- Nuclear power accounts for approximately 11% of global energy production without the pollution from fossil fuels.
Nuclear Power Generation
- Nuclear reactors utilize uranium rods, with heat from fission converting water to steam which drives turbines connected to generators.
Advantages of Nuclear Power
- Competitive cost compared to coal, making it economically viable for energy production.
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Description
Discover the role of fossil fuels in providing a significant portion of the world's energy needs. Learn how coal, oil, and gas are utilized to generate electricity through burning and steam turbines. Explore the challenges posed by the limited supply of non-renewable fossil fuel sources.
