Foot Anatomy and Articulation
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Questions and Answers

Which artery originates from the brachiocephalic trunk on the right side and the aortic arch on the left side?

  • Thoracoacromial artery
  • Subclavian artery (correct)
  • Costocervical trunk artery
  • Axillary artery

    • Which artery supplies the axilla, shoulder, and thoracic muscles?

  • Costocervical trunk artery
  • Axillary artery (correct)
  • Subclavian artery
  • Thoracoacromial artery

    • Which artery divides into pectoral, acromial, and deltoid arteries?

  • Thoracoacromial artery (correct)
  • Costocervical trunk artery
  • Subclavian artery
  • Axillary artery

    • Which artery wraps around the neck and humerus and supplies the deltoid muscles and shoulder joint?

    <p>Anterior Circumflex Humeral Artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vein drains the arm, axilla, and chest?

    <p>Axillary vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vein is a tributary to the subclavian vein?

    <p>Suprascapular vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is found on the posterior surface of the shoulder girdle?

    <p>Trapezius muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which joint allows for inversion and eversion movements of the foot, important for walking and maintaining balance?

    <p>Subtalar joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which joint contributes to the flexibility and stability of the lateral aspect of the foot?

    <p>Calcaneocuboid joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone articulates with the cuboid bone, contributing to the stability and flexibility of the lateral aspect of the foot?

    <p>Navicular bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone plays a significant role in the structure of the medial aspect of the midfoot?

    <p>Medial cuneiform</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which arch has a greater curve compared to the lateral arch and plays a vital role in maintaining balance?

    <p>Medial arch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligaments contribute to the integrity of the medial arch?

    <p>Ligaments attaching from the calcaneus to the navicular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which arch is flatter than the medial arch but still provides a firm base for supporting the body in an upright position?

    <p>Lateral arch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone in the shoulder girdle has a slightly concave anterior surface and numerous ridges for muscle attachment?

    <p>Scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which border of the scapula is covered by muscles and extends from the inferior angle to the glenoid cavity?

    <p>Lateral border</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process of the scapula forms the lateral angle and ends at the glenoid fossa?

    <p>Glenoid process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is NOT part of the rotator cuff muscles found on the posterior aspect of the scapula?

    <p>Supraspinatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone in the foot has a body that is wedge-shaped and trochlea that articulates with the tibia and fibula?

    <p>Tarsal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which joint in the ankle is formed by the articulation between the talus and the tibia and fibula?

    <p>Talocrural joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone in the foot is the largest tarsal bone and forms the prominence of the heel?

    <p>Calcaneus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bones form the transverse arch of the foot?

    <p>Cuboid and cuneiforms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle(s) contribute to the Achilles tendon?

    <p>Gastrocnemius and soleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the alternative name for the Achilles tendon?

    <p>Calcaneal tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tendon is the largest and most powerful in the human body?

    <p>Achilles tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the transverse arch of the foot?

    <p>To provide stability and weight distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the Achilles tendon attach?

    <p>Calcaneal tuberosity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What muscles are responsible for plantar flexion of the ankle?

    <p>Gastrocnemius and soleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of the Achilles tendon?

    <p>Talus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major weight-bearing arch of the foot?

    <p>Transverse arch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery originates from the brachiocephalic trunk on the right side and the aortic arch on the left side?

    <p>Subclavian artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies the axilla, shoulder, and thoracic muscles?

    <p>Axillary artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery divides into pectoral, acromial, and deltoid arteries?

    <p>Thoracoacromial artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vein drains the arm, axilla, and chest?

    <p>Axillary vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vein is a tributary to the subclavian vein?

    <p>Suprascapular vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone articulates with the cuboid bone, contributing to the stability and flexibility of the lateral aspect of the foot?

    <p>Cuboid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle(s) contribute to the Achilles tendon?

    <p>Gastrocnemius and soleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone in the shoulder girdle is flat, triangular-shaped, and has a slightly concave anterior surface?

    <p>Scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which joint allows for inversion and eversion movements of the foot, important for walking and maintaining balance?

    <p>Subtalar joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process of the scapula forms the lateral angle and ends at the glenoid fossa?

    <p>Glenoid process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone articulates with the navicular bone, contributing to the stability and flexibility of the lateral aspect of the foot?

    <p>Cuboid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone in the foot is the largest tarsal bone and forms the prominence of the heel?

    <p>Calcaneus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone plays a significant role in the structure of the medial aspect of the midfoot?

    <p>Navicular bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which joint in the ankle is formed by the articulation between the talus and the tibia and fibula?

    <p>Talocrural joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is NOT part of the rotator cuff muscles found on the posterior aspect of the scapula?

    <p>Infraspinatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major weight-bearing arch of the foot?

    <p>Medial arch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone in the shoulder girdle has a slightly concave anterior surface and numerous ridges for muscle attachment?

    <p>Scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies the axilla, shoulder, and thoracic muscles?

    <p>Axillary artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vein drains the arm, axilla, and chest?

    <p>Axillary vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligaments contribute to the integrity of the medial arch?

    <p>Calcaneonavicular ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the transverse arch of the foot?

    <p>Distributes and supports weight across the foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bones form the transverse arch of the foot?

    <p>Metatarsals and tarsal bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the alternative name for the Achilles tendon?

    <p>Calcaneal tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle(s) contribute to the Achilles tendon?

    <p>Gastrocnemius and soleus muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major weight-bearing arch of the foot?

    <p>Transverse arch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone in the foot is the largest tarsal bone and forms the prominence of the heel?

    <p>Calcaneus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which joint allows for inversion and eversion movements of the foot, important for walking and maintaining balance?

    <p>Subtalar joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies the axilla, shoulder, and thoracic muscles?

    <p>Axillary artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tendon is the largest and most powerful in the human body?

    <p>Achilles tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is found in the calf and is responsible for plantar flexion of the ankle?

    <p>Gastrocnemius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following upper limb vessels with their descriptions:

    <p>Subclavian = Originates from brachiocephalic trunk or aortic arch Axillary = Continuation of subclavian, supplies axilla, shoulder, and thoracic muscles Thoracoacromial = Short branch of axillary, divides into pectoral, acromial, and deltoid arteries Costocervical Trunk = Branches from upper posterior part of subclavian, divides into inferior thyroid, supreme intercostal, and deep cervical artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following upper limb veins with their descriptions:

    <p>Subclavian = Joins with basilic vein inferiorly, joins with cephalic vein superiorly Thoracodorsal = Continuation of basilic vein, drains arm, axilla, and chest Brachial = Deep vein of forearm, drains forearm, elbow joint, and humerus Cephalic = Drains from lateral aspect of upper limb, larger than radial vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following upper limb bones with their anatomical landmarks:

    <p>Clavicle = AC joint: lateral aspect of clavicle Scapula = Vertebral prominens (C7): bony landmark, most posterior aspect of C7 Humerus = Detectable pulse point Foot = Major weight-bearing arch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following upper limb muscles with their locations:

    <p>Deltoid = Posterior surface of the shoulder girdle Trapezius = Posterior surface of the shoulder girdle Triceps = Posterior surface of the shoulder girdle Calf = Responsible for plantar flexion of the ankle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following upper limb structures with their functions:

    <p>Subclavian Vein = Drains arm, axilla, and chest Transverse Arch of the Foot = Provides a firm base for supporting the body in an upright position Achilles Tendon = Largest and most powerful in the human body Shoulder Girdle = Supports the upper limbs and helps position them to maintain balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following upper limb veins with their descriptions:

    <p>Ulnar Vein = Drains forearm and hand, ascends in front of elbow Basilic Vein = Drains from medial upper limb, anastomosis with median cubital vein Median Cubital Vein = Links superficial palmar veins between the radial and ulnar veins Radial Vein = Drains hand and forearm, smaller than ulnar vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following upper limb arteries with their descriptions:

    <p>Anterior Circumflex Humeral = Branch of axillary, wraps around neck, humerus, supplies deltoid muscles and shoulder joint Posterior Circumflex Humeral = Branch of axillary, larger circumflex Brachial = Continuation of axillary, supplies arm, ends below elbow Profunda Brachii = Large branch of brachial, divides into radial and ulnar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following bones with their descriptions:

    <p>Calcaneus = Articulates with the talus bone at the superior part of the foot, forming the subtalar joint Cuboid = Tarsal bone located on the lateral side of the foot, positioned anterior to the calcaneus Navicular = Tarsal bone located on the medial aspect of the foot, articulates with the talus bone posteriorly and cuneiform bones anteriorly Cuneiforms = There are three cuneiform bones, named the medial, intermediate, and lateral cuneiforms, articulates anteriorly with the first three metatarsal bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following foot arches with their descriptions:

    <p>Medial/ longitudinal arch = Runs along the inner or medial aspect of the foot, has a greater curve compared to the lateral arch Lateral/ external arch = Extends from the head of the fifth metatarsal to the calcaneal tuberosity, flatter than the medial arch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following joints with their corresponding bones:

    <p>Subtalar joint or talocalcaneal joint = Calcaneus articulates with the talus bone Talocalcaneonavicular joint = Calcaneus articulates with the navicular bone Calcaneocuboid joint = Calcaneus articulates with the cuboid bone Transverse tarsal joint or midtarsal joint = Combination of the talocalcaneonavicular joint and the calcaneocuboid joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following foot bones with their functions:

    <p>Calcaneus = Supports the body of the talus bone, important for walking, running, and jumping Cuboid = Contributes to the stability and flexibility of the lateral aspect of the foot Navicular = Maintains the arch and supporting the weight and movements of the body Cuneiforms = Wedge-shaped appearance, helping to distribute and support weight across the foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following bones with their articulations:

    <p>Calcaneus = Articulates with the talus, navicular, and cuboid bones Cuboid = Articulates with the calcaneus, lateral cuneiform, and bases of the fourth and fifth metatarsals Navicular = Articulates with the talus and cuneiform bones Cuneiforms = Articulates with the metatarsal bones and navicular bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following foot structures with their descriptions:

    <p>Anterior Facet = Smallest facet located at the front of the subtalar joint Middle Facet = Found on the medial surface of the calcaneus, provides weight-bearing support for the medial aspect of the ankle Posterior Facet = Largest facet, supports the body of the talus bone Sustentaculum tali = Part of the calcaneus, ligaments attach to the navicular bone, contributing to the integrity of the medial arch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following foot movements with the corresponding joints:

    <p>Inversion and eversion = Subtalar joint or talocalcaneal joint Adapting to different surfaces = Talocalcaneonavicular joint Flexibility during walking, running, and jumping = Calcaneocuboid joint Absorbing shock and adapting to uneven terrain = Transverse tarsal joint or midtarsal joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following bones with their descriptions:

    <p>Scapula = Flat bone, triangular shaped, with 3 borders: superior, medial, lateral Clavicle = First bone in body to ossify, last to fuse, with no medullary canal Talus = 2nd largest tarsal bone, articulates with tib-fib superiorly and calcaneus inferiorly Calcaneus = Largest tarsal bone, with elongated cuboid shape and sustentaculum tali on medial surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following foot and ankle bones with their descriptions:

    <p>Metatarsals = Long slender bones, with 5 metatarsals on each foot Tarsals = Seven tarsals: Talus, calcaneus, navicular, cuboid, three cuneiforms Phalanges = Each foot has 14 (3 for each toe), shorter and stouter than in fingers Calcaneus = Largest tarsal bone, inferior to talus, has elongated cuboid shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following shoulder girdle structures with their functions:

    <p>Scapula = Secures appendicular skeleton to axial skeleton, adds strength to shoulder joint, and has large surface area for muscle attachment Rotator Cuff = Provides stability to shoulder joint and allows for adduction, abduction, and rotation Clavicle = Articulates with clavicular notch of manubrium to create the SC joint Glenoid Process = Forms lateral angle of scapula and ends at glenoid fossa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following scapula features with their descriptions:

    <p>Spine = Divides posterior surface into supraspinatus and infraspinatus fossas, and is an attachment for trapezius and deltoid Coracoid Process = Arises from lateral end of superior border of scapula, and is an attachment for pectoralis minor, biceps brachii, coracobrachialis muscles Subscapular Fossa = Slightly concave on anterior surface, with numerous ridges for attachment of subscapularis muscle Superior Border = Shortest border, with suprascapular notch/ scapular notch present and coracoid process projecting outwards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following parts of the talus bone with their descriptions:

    <p>Body = Wedge shaped, with trochlea that articulates with tib-fib Head = Articulates with navicular Calcaneal Tuberosity = On plantar surface, insertion of ligament- achilles tendon Groove or depression on inferior aspect = Combines with tarsal canal on calcaneus, forms sinus tarsi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following parts of the calcaneus bone with their descriptions:

    <p>Sustentaculum tali = On medial surface, provides support for talus Calcaneal Tuberosity = On plantar surface, insertion of ligament- achilles tendon Posterior surface = Forms prominence of heel Largest tarsal bone = Inferior to talus, with elongated cuboid shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following shoulder girdle muscles with their descriptions:

    <p>Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor = All found on posterior aspect of scapula, and insert on greater tubercle of humerus Subscapularis = On anterior surface of scapula, inserts on lesser tubercle of humerus Trapezius and deltoid = Attach to the spine of the scapula Pectoralis minor, biceps brachii, coracobrachialis = Attach to the coracoid process of the scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following anatomical structures with their correct descriptions:

    <p>Transverse Arch = Formed by the distal row of tarsal bones and the bases of the metatarsals Achilles Tendon = Largest and most powerful tendon in the human body, attaches to the calcaneal tuberosity Gastrocnemius and Soleus Muscles = Origins of the Achilles tendon, located in the calf, responsible for plantar flexion of the ankle Calcaneus = Bone to which the Achilles tendon attaches, also known as the heel bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their correct definitions:

    <p>Plantar Flexion = Ankle movement that points the foot downward Achilles Tendon = Also commonly referred to as the calcaneal tendon Calcaneal Tuberosity = Prominent bony bump on the back of the heel bone Medial Arch = Arch of the foot that plays a significant role in the structure of the midfoot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following anatomical features with their correct names:

    <p>Prominent bony bump on the back of the heel bone = Calcaneal Tuberosity Muscles responsible for plantar flexion of the ankle = Gastrocnemius and Soleus Long bones that connect to the toes = Metatarsals Major weight-bearing arch of the foot = Transverse Arch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their correct descriptions:

    <p>Achilles Tendon = Largest and most powerful tendon in the human body, connects calf muscles to the heel bone Gastrocnemius and Soleus Muscles = Muscles in the calf that provide the force for plantar flexion Transverse Arch = Arch of the foot that helps distribute body weight over the base of the foot Calcaneal Tuberosity = Bony bump on the back of the heel bone to which the Achilles tendon attaches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following anatomical structures with their correct names:

    <p>Distal row of tarsal bones and the bases of the metatarsals = Transverse Arch Gastrocnemius and Soleus Muscles = Muscular Origins of the Achilles tendon Calcaneal Tuberosity = Attachment point of the Achilles tendon Achilles Tendon = Largest and most powerful tendon in the human body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their correct definitions:

    <p>Achilles Tendon = Largest and most powerful tendon, connects calf muscles to the heel bone Transverse Arch = Weight-bearing arch of the foot formed by tarsal bones and metatarsals Plantar Flexion = Ankle movement that points the foot downward, controlled by the calf muscles Calcaneal Tuberosity = Prominent bony bump on the back of the heel bone, attachment site for Achilles tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following anatomical structures with their correct descriptions:

    <p>Achilles Tendon = Largest and most powerful tendon in the human body, connects calf muscles to the heel bone Transverse Arch = Formed by the distal row of tarsal bones and the bases of the metatarsals, major weight-bearing arch of the foot Gastrocnemius and Soleus Muscles = Muscles located in the calf, responsible for plantar flexion of the ankle, origins of the Achilles tendon Calcaneus = Heel bone to which the Achilles tendon attaches, also known as the calcaneal bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their correct descriptions:

    <p>Achilles Tendon = Largest and most powerful tendon in the human body, connects calf muscles to the heel bone Transverse Arch = Weight-bearing arch of the foot that helps distribute body weight over the base of the foot Gastrocnemius and Soleus Muscles = Muscles located in the calf, responsible for plantar flexion of the ankle, origins of the Achilles tendon Calcaneal Tuberosity = Prominent bony bump on the back of the heel bone, attachment site for the Achilles tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following anatomical structures with their correct names:

    <p>Distal row of tarsal bones and the bases of the metatarsals = Transverse Arch Gastrocnemius and Soleus Muscles = Muscular Origins of the Achilles tendon Calcaneal Tuberosity = Attachment point of the Achilles tendon Achilles Tendon = Largest and most powerful tendon in the human body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Upper Limb Vessels and Veins

    • The right subclavian artery originates from the brachiocephalic trunk; the left from the aortic arch.
    • The axillary artery supplies the axilla, shoulder, and thoracic muscles.
    • The thoracoacromial artery branches into pectoral, acromial, and deltoid arteries.
    • The posterior circumflex humeral artery wraps around the humerus and supplies the deltoid and shoulder joint.
    • The axillary vein drains the arm, axilla, and chest.
    • The external jugular vein is a tributary to the subclavian vein.

    Shoulder Anatomy

    • The trapezius muscle is located on the posterior surface of the shoulder girdle.
    • The scapula features a slightly concave anterior surface with numerous muscle attachment ridges.
    • The medial border of the scapula is covered by muscles extending from the inferior angle to the glenoid cavity.
    • The glenoid process forms the lateral angle of the scapula and culminates at the glenoid fossa.
    • The supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis muscles are part of the rotator cuff; the deltoid is not.

    Foot and Ankle Anatomy

    • The subtalar joint allows for inversion and eversion movements of the foot, crucial for balancing during walking.
    • The talocalcaneal joint consists of the articulation between the talus and tibia, and fibula.
    • The calcaneus bone is the largest tarsal bone, forming the heel's prominence.
    • The cuboid bone articulates with various other bones, adding stability and flexibility to the lateral foot structure.

    Foot Arches and Ligaments

    • The medial arch has a greater height than the lateral arch, playing a vital role in balance.
    • The spring ligaments and plantar fascia contribute to the integrity of the medial arch.
    • The lateral arch is flatter than the medial arch but provides a firm base for upright posture.

    Achilles Tendon and Plantar Flexion

    • The Achilles tendon, also known as the calcaneal tendon, is the largest and most powerful tendon in the body.
    • The gastrocnemius and soleus muscles contribute to the formation of the Achilles tendon and are responsible for plantar flexion of the ankle.
    • The Achilles tendon attaches to the posterior aspect of the calcaneus.

    Foot Bones and Joints

    • The transverse arch is supported by the cuneiforms, cuboid, and bases of the metatarsals, aiding in foot flexibility and stability.
    • The navicular bone articulates with the talus, enhancing stability.
    • The talus, along with the tibia and fibula, forms critical joints in the ankle, enabling various movements.

    General Foot Structure

    • The major weight-bearing arch of the foot is the medial arch.
    • The joints of the foot and ankle play critical roles in movement and balance, adapting to various surfaces and activities.

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    Anatomy Test 2 PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge of foot anatomy and articulation with this quiz! Explore how the calcaneus bone forms joints with the talus and navicular bones, enabling crucial movements for walking and maintaining balance. Challenge yourself and become an expert in foot articulation!

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