50 Questions
What is the recommended treatment for a 1st degree burn?
Immerse the burn in cool tap water or apply cold, wet compresses
What is the most appropriate action if blisters form on a 1st degree burn?
Let them heal on their own while keeping the area covered
Which over-the-counter medications can help relieve the pain and reduce inflammation of a 1st degree burn?
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen
What is the most appropriate initial action for a 2nd degree burn?
Rinse burned skin with cool water until the pain stops
What are common symptoms of a 2nd degree burn?
Blisters, deep redness, and skin that is painful to the touch
What are common causes of 2nd degree burns?
Scald injuries, flames, and skin that briefly comes in contact with a hot object
What is the recommended action for burns on the face or body?
Apply cool compresses
What is the recommended SPF for sunscreen to protect a healed burn area from the sun?
SPF of 30 or higher
What does the acronym DCAP-BTLS guide volunteers to look for during the head-to-toe assessment?
Deformities, contusions, burns, and more
What is the priority during the head-to-toe assessment?
Immediate treatment for life-threatening injuries
When should permission be sought before conducting the head-to-toe assessment?
From conscious patients
What should rescuers suspect in unconscious survivors during the head-to-toe assessment?
Spinal injuries
What should be checked for in extremities during the head-to-toe assessment?
PMS (Pulse, Motor function, Sensation)
What is crucial when encountering closed-head, neck, and spinal injuries during the assessment?
Minimizing movement
What are signs of closed-head, neck, and spinal injuries during the assessment?
Change in consciousness, severe pain, and tingling or numbness in extremities
How should the head be stabilized when encountering closed-head, neck, and spinal injuries?
Creatively using available materials
When does moving patients with suspected injuries require sufficient stabilization?
Always, except when immediate danger is present
What is the recommended action for cleaning a burn?
Clean the burn gently with mild soap and water, without breaking blisters
What should be avoided when applying first aid to burns?
Applying pain-relief skin sprays on burns
What is the recommended action for head injuries or concussions in the first 24 hours post-injury?
Do not leave the person alone and wake them up periodically
What should be monitored for in a person with head injuries or concussions?
Physical symptoms such as blacking out, blurred vision, and nausea
What should be used to create a unique identifier for casualties in a battle roster?
The first letter of the casualty's first and last name, and the last four numbers of their social security number
How should the evacuation priority be categorized in a battle roster?
As urgent, priority, or routine
What should be marked in a battle roster for casualties?
Interventions for circulation, airway, breathing, fluid resuscitation, blood products, and medication administration
What is the recommended action for immobilizing the head in case of head injuries or concussions?
Call 911 and immobilize the head
What is a physical symptom of a head injury or concussion?
Blurred or double vision
What is a cognitive symptom of a head injury or concussion?
Memory problems
What is the recommended action for the first 24 hours after a concussion?
The person should not be alone and should be woken up periodically
What should be applied to reduce swelling after a head injury?
Ice
What is the recommended action in case of head injuries or concussions?
Call 911
What should be done to the head in case of head injuries or concussions?
Immobilize the head
What is a symptom of head injuries or concussions related to vision?
Seeing 'stars' or lights in front of the eyes
What should be checked for in a person with head injuries or concussions?
Cognitive abilities
When should CERT volunteers conduct head-to-toe assessments?
On all survivors, even those who seem all right
What should CERT volunteers suspect in all unconscious survivors during the head-to-toe assessment?
Spinal injury
What signs may indicate closed-head, neck, or spinal injuries during the head-to-toe assessment?
Bruising behind the ear
What is the main objective when encountering suspected injuries to the head or spine?
To minimize movement
What is the recommended action for stabilizing the head during a disaster when ideal equipment is not available?
Use any available materials to create a backboard
What should be checked for in extremities during the head-to-toe assessment?
Pulse, movement, sensation (PMS)
When is it appropriate to move patients with suspected head, neck, or spinal injury?
When the rescuer is in immediate danger
What should CERT volunteers always do when conducting a head-to-toe assessment?
Check for patient bleeding
What should CERT volunteers look, listen, and feel for during the head-to-toe assessment?
Pain, bleeding, and other symptoms
What details are crucial to record for a casualty during a medical emergency response?
Date, time of injury, service branch, unit, allergies, mechanism of injury, and vital signs
What does the DCAP-BTLS acronym help to remember during a rapid assessment?
Deformities, Contusions, Abrasions, Punctures/Penetrations, Burns, Tenderness, Lacerations, and Swelling
When should the head-to-toe assessment be conducted?
Before initiating treatment, unless the patient requires immediate care to prevent serious injury or death
What is the initial step taken by CERT volunteers in a medical emergency?
Rapid treatment and assessment
What is the aim of the head-to-toe assessment during a medical emergency response?
To determine the extent of injuries, required treatment, and document injuries
What should first responders use to create a unique identifier for casualties in a battle roster?
First letter of the casualty’s first and last name, and the last four numbers of their social security number
What are the categories of evacuation priorities in a medical emergency response?
Urgent (within 30 minutes), priority (within 24 hours), and routine (within 72 hours)
What details must be documented for tourniquet application during a medical emergency response?
Type and time of application for each limb
Study Notes
First Aid for Burns
- Remove jewelry and tight clothing around the burn area before cleaning it
- Clean the burn gently with mild soap and water, without breaking blisters
- Avoid applying pain-relief skin sprays on burns
- Apply ointment like petroleum jelly or antibiotic cream to keep the burn moist
- Bandage the burn with gauze or tape, avoiding pressure on the burned skin
First Aid for Head Injuries/Concussions
- Call 911 and immobilize the head in case of head injuries or concussions
- Apply ice to reduce swelling and keep checking cognitive abilities
- For the first 24 hours post-concussion, do not leave the person alone and wake them up periodically
- Monitor for physical symptoms such as blacking out, blurred vision, and nausea, as well as cognitive symptoms like memory problems and mood changes
Battle Roster
- Use the first letter of the casualty's first and last name, and the last four numbers of their social security number to create a unique identifier
- Categorize the evacuation priority as urgent, priority, or routine
- Mark interventions for circulation, airway, breathing, fluid resuscitation, blood products, and medication administration
Medical Emergency Response Procedures
- Casualty identification involves using the first letter of the casualty’s first and last name, and the last four numbers of their social security number.
- Evacuation priorities are categorized as urgent (within 30 minutes), priority (within 24 hours), and routine (within 72 hours).
- Recording the casualty’s gender, date, time of injury, service branch, unit, allergies, mechanism of injury, and vital signs is crucial.
- Tourniquet application details for each limb, including type and time of application, must be documented.
- Evacuation priority, circulation hemorrhage control interventions, airway and breathing interventions, and medication details are recorded for treatment.
- Conducting head-to-toe assessments is essential, focusing on severe bleeding, low body temperature, airway obstruction, and determining the nature of the patient’s injury.
- The head-to-toe assessment aims to determine the extent of injuries, required treatment, and document injuries, emphasizing the use of personal protective equipment (PPE).
- The DCAP-BTLS acronym is used to remember what to look for during a rapid assessment (Deformities, Contusions, Abrasions, Punctures/Penetrations, Burns, Tenderness, Lacerations, and Swelling).
- The assessment should be performed before initiating treatment, unless the patient requires immediate care to prevent serious injury or death.
- First responders should record their name and the last four numbers of their social security number.
- Rapid treatment and assessment are the initial steps taken by CERT volunteers in a medical emergency to provide necessary care and determine the patient’s needs.
- The importance of following the specified procedures, including wearing PPE during assessments, is highlighted for effective medical emergency response.
Test your knowledge of first aid protocols and emergency response procedures with this quiz. Learn how to provide initial care for burns, head injuries/concussions, and create a battle roster for casualties. Master the essential steps to handle medical emergencies effectively.
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