First Aid and Emergency Nursing Care

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary aim of first aid?

To recommend treatment options

To save life and prevent worsening of illness or injury (correct)

To transport the patient to the hospital

To diagnose the patient's condition

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a person capable of effective first aid?

Common sense

Ability to make quick decisions

Ambivalence towards injuries (correct)

Understanding and sympathy

In cases of emergency, which condition should be treated first?

Apparent cessation of breathing (correct)

Severe hemorrhage

Minor injuries

Shock

When dealing with an unconscious patient, which position is NOT appropriate?

Sitting upright Signup and view all the answers

What should you never give to an unconscious patient?

Alcoholic stimulants Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to reassure a patient during first aid?

It gives the patient confidence and is important for treatment Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred method of seeking medical aid in an emergency?

A written message to prevent miscommunication Signup and view all the answers

How should you handle a patient with a suspected fracture?

Support the limb carefully without moving excessively Signup and view all the answers

What should be done first if a child over one year old is choking?

Give up to five back blows. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following items is NOT typically found in a first aid kit?

Sunblock lotion Signup and view all the answers

What should be checked regularly in a first aid kit?

The use-by dates of medicines Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred type of thermometer suggested for a first aid kit?

Digital thermometer Signup and view all the answers

How should a baby under one year old be held during choking?

Face-down along your thigh with their head lower than their bottom. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if back blows do not dislodge the object from a choking child?

Begin abdominal thrusts. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding choking in children is true?

Back blows may help to dislodge a blockage. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bandages is specifically mentioned as being included in a first aid kit?

Triangular bandages Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step to take if a child is unresponsive and not breathing?

Check for breathing by tilting their head back. Signup and view all the answers

How many rescue breaths should be given after checking that a child is unresponsive and not breathing?

Five rescue breaths. Signup and view all the answers

If a child is breathing, what is the correct position to place them in?

On their side with their head tilted back. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if you are alone with a child who is unresponsive and not breathing?

Spend one minute giving rescue breaths and chest compressions before calling 999. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the chest compressions during CPR for an unresponsive child?

To keep blood flowing to vital organs. Signup and view all the answers

When dealing with a child who has a burn, how long should you cool the burn under cold running water?

At least ten minutes. Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken after ensuring a child who is breathing is placed on their side?

Call for help. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding giving rescue breaths?

Seal your mouth over the child’s mouth and pinch their nose. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

First Aid/Emergency Nursing Care

First aid is immediate, temporary treatment before a doctor or transport to a hospital
Aim of first aid: save lives, prevent worsening of illness/injuries, relieve pain
Key characteristics of effective first aid providers: knowledge, sympathy/understanding, common sense, initiative, leadership
Important first aid rules: Remove the patient from danger, treat the most urgent condition first (cessation of breathing, severe hemorrhage, shock), place unconscious patients in prone or side position
Unconscious patients must not be given anything to drink (including those bleeding or vomiting). Alcoholic stimulants should be avoided
Medical assistance should be sought via written messages, not verbal ones (as verbal ones can be misconstrued)
Organize bystanders/witnesses to help (e.g., messengers).

General Rules of First Aid Treatment

Remove the patient from danger or remove danger from the patient (e.g., child in a fire) before any treatment occurs
Treat urgent conditions first, prioritizing apparent cessation of breathing, severe hemorrhage, and shock.
Place unconscious patients in the prone position, lying on their side, if possible, and turn the head to one side
First Aid Kits: Ensure kits are locked, placed in a cool, dry place, and children are not able to touch them

First Aid Kit Contents

Plasters in various sizes and shapes
Sterile gauze dressings (small, medium, large)
Sterile eye dressings (at least two)
Triangular bandages
Rolled crepe bandages
Safety pins
Disposable sterile gloves
Tweezers
Scissors
Alcohol-free cleaning wipes
Sticky tape

First Aid Kit Contents (cont'd)

Thermometer (preferably digital)
Skin rash cream (hydrocortisone or calendula)
Cream/spray for insect bites/stings
Antiseptic cream
Painkillers (paracetamol, aspirin (under 16), ibuprofen)
Cough medicine
Antihistamine cream/tablets
Distilled water for cleaning wounds
Eye wash/eye bath

First-Aid Manual/Instruction Booklet

A basic first aid manual or instruction booklet can be stored in the kit
Medicines should be regularly checked for use-by dates.

Children's Choking Emergencies

Choking children may clutch at their chest/neck, unable to speak, breathe, or cough.
Give up to 5 back blows between shoulder blades.
If back blows are ineffective, proceed to up to 5 abdominal thrusts (around the waist, inward above belly button)
Repeated cycles of back blows and abdominal thrusts should be attempted until blockage clears or help arrives; contact 999 immediately if no success/unresponsive.
- Babies (under 1 year): Held face down along thigh, head lower than bottom, up to 5 back blows

Unresponsive/Non-Breathing Child

If a child is unresponsive (doesn't respond to calling/gentle shaking): check for breathing.
- Tilt head back, look/feel for chest/stomach movement, listen for breaths.
If no breathing:
- Call 999 immediately
- Begin chest compressions and mouth-to-mouth resuscitation cycles.

Burn Treatment

Cool the burn under cold running water for 10 minutes.
Cover burn with cling film or sterile dressing.
Immediately seek medical attention (call 999).

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Description

This quiz covers the essential principles of first aid and emergency nursing care. Learn about the immediate steps to take during emergencies, key characteristics of effective first aid providers, and important rules to follow. Test your knowledge on how to save lives and provide proper care in critical situations.