Fertilization Process and Sperm Survival

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Which of the following substances crosses the placenta through simple diffusion?

O2 (correct)

Amino acids

Iron

Nicotine

During which weeks does sexual differentiation begin?

Weeks 13-16

Weeks 21-30

Weeks 16-20

Weeks 9-12 (correct)

What is the primary function of relaxin during pregnancy?

To stimulate fetal development

To loosen the pelvis and dilate the cervix (correct)

To inhibit contractions

To increase estrogen levels

How many times do estrogen levels increase by childbirth?

What is the purpose of the 'bloody show' during labor?

To expel a plug of mucus covering the cervix Signup and view all the answers

How many stages are there in childbirth?

4 Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the infant's lungs at birth?

They expand and increase blood flow Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of colostrum?

To provide passive immunity to the infant Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of fertilization?

The fusion of the oocyte and the sperm nuclei Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of sperm are killed due to acidity during fertilization?

Millions Signup and view all the answers

What determines the sex of an individual?

The sex chromosomes (XX or XY) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an individual with a recessive gene that can be passed on to their offspring?

Carrier Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the acrosomal reaction?

To release enzymes to penetrate the corona radiata and zona pellucida Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the foramen ovale and ductus arterioles at birth?

They close and redirect blood flow Signup and view all the answers

What is the fertilization membrane?

A barrier that prevents multiple sperm from penetrating Signup and view all the answers

What hormone establishes and maintains the supply of breast milk?

Prolactin Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of hCG during implantation?

To keep the corpus luteum healthy and producing progesterone Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the yolk sac?

To provide nourishment to the embryo before the placenta is functional Signup and view all the answers

What is the primitive streak?

An indentation for new cells to travel along to form endoderm or mesoderm Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the placenta?

To provide nourishment to the embryo Signup and view all the answers

What is the timeframe for the completion of the placenta?

Weeks 4-12 Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the umbilical cord?

To transport unoxygenated blood and waste from the fetus Signup and view all the answers