Fertilization Process: From Sperm to Zygote

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What is the result of the fusion of sperm and oocyte nuclei during fertilization?

A new oocyte

A zygote (correct)

A new sperm

A placenta

What percentage of sperm are killed due to acidity during fertilization?

Half

Almost all

Millions (correct)

Thousands

What is the purpose of capacitation in sperm preparation for fertilization?

To thin the membrane over the head (correct)

To decrease sperm motility

To increase sperm speed

To increase sperm size

What are the two layers that surround the oocyte?

Corona radiata and zona pellucida Signup and view all the answers

What is the acrosomal reaction?

The release of enzymes by the sperm to penetrate the oocyte layers Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of fertilization in terms of meiosis?

Meiosis is completed Signup and view all the answers

What is the gestation time for full fetal development?

From fertilization to birth Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of hCG release during implantation?

To keep the corpus luteum healthy and secreting progesterone Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the yolk sac during embryonic development?

To provide nourishment to the embryo until the placenta is functional Signup and view all the answers

When is the placenta complete?

By the end of week 12 Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the foramen ovale and ductus arterioles after birth?

They close Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of colostrum secreted in the first 72 hours after birth?

Passive immunity Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the allele that will show in a heterozygous individual?

Dominant Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the genotype XX or XY in an individual?

Determination of sex Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the hormone prolactin in lactation?

To establish and maintain milk supply Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an individual with a single X chromosome, resulting in undeveloped sexual organs?

Turner syndrome Signup and view all the answers

During which weeks does the placenta take over the endocrine function from the corpus luteum?

Weeks 12-17 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of relaxin during pregnancy?

To loosen the pelvis and dilate the cervix Signup and view all the answers

During which weeks does the fetus begin to produce surfactant in the lungs?

Weeks 16-20 Signup and view all the answers

What is the average additional daily caloric intake required during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy?

300 calories Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of progesterone during pregnancy?

To inhibit contractions Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the stage of childbirth during which the fetal head enters the canal?

Expulsion stage Signup and view all the answers