Female Reproductive System Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the ovaries?

  • Support embryo attachment
  • Produce gametes and hormones (correct)
  • Produce hormones and transport ova
  • Regulate the menstrual cycle

    • Which structure is primarily responsible for the site of fertilization?

  • Vagina
  • Uterus
  • Oviducts (correct)
  • Cervix

    • What are caruncles and their role in the uterus?

  • Sites for follicular development
  • Regions formed during embryo attachment (correct)
  • Locations for sperm storage
  • Areas lacking epithelial cells

    • Which layer of the ovary contains blood vessels and nerves?

    <p>Medulla (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the cervix produce to aid in reproductive processes?

    <p>Secretes mucus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major role of the endometrium in the uterus?

    <p>Secretion of histotroph (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage do the primordial follicles exist?

    <p>Before sexual maturity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone do theca cells primarily produce?

    <p>Androgens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure acts as a passive birth canal during delivery?

    <p>Vagina (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which follicle type is characterized by the presence of three distinct cell layers surrounding the oocyte?

    <p>Antral (graafian) follicle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Ovary

    The female gonads that produce eggs and hormones.

    Follicles

    Structures in ovaries that contain oocytes and grow through stages.

    Primordial Follicles

    The smallest and most immature stage of follicles containing oocytes.

    Granulosa Cells

    Cells surrounding the oocyte that produce estrogen and have FSH receptors.

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    Theca Cells

    Cells that produce androgens around the follicles in the ovaries.

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    Uterus

    Organ that supports embryo development and hormone production.

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    Cervix

    Connects vagina and uterus, secretes mucus, and protects the uterine environment.

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    Vagina

    Copulatory organ serving as a birth canal and site for urine expulsion.

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    Oviducts

    Tubes connecting ovaries to the uterus, sites for fertilization and transport.

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    Endometrium

    Inner lining of the uterus that secretes substances for embryo support.

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    Study Notes

    Female Reproductive Tract Anatomy and Physiology

    • Major Structures: Ovaries, Oviducts, Uterus, Cervix, Vagina, External Genitalia

    • Interconnected Tubes: The female reproductive tract is a series of interconnected tubes.

    • Ovaries (2x): Gonads that produce gametes (eggs/ova/oocytes) and hormones.

    • Cortex: Contains oocytes (inside follicles), Corpus hemorrhagicum (bloody body), Corpus luteum (yellow body), Corpora lutea (plural), Corpus albicans (white body).

    • Follicles: Important structures in the cortex.

      • Primordial Follicles: Smallest and most immature, containing an oocyte surrounded by a single layer of cells.
      • Primary Follicles: Slightly more advanced than primordial follicles, with a single layer of cells surrounding the oocyte.
      • Follicle (2 Layer): Contains an oocyte with two layers of cells surrounding it.
      • Zona Pellucida: Thin, transparent layer surrounding the oocyte.
      • Antral (Graafian Follicle): More mature follicles with a fluid-filled cavity (antrum) containing follicular fluid. Three layers of cells surround the oocyte: theca externa, theca interna, granulosa.

    • Follicle Fate: Many follicles begin to develop, but only a few mature and ovulate, leading to atresia (death) of many follicles.

    Oviducts

    • Function: Transport sperm, ova, and embryos; Site of fertilization; Provide suitable environment for development.
    • Regions: Infundibulum (thicker portion), Ampulla, Isthmus.
    • Uterus Functions: Provides environment for the embryo/sperm; Role in female cycle (e.g., influencing hormones like PGF2α, PGF2α, luteolysis); Transport sperm; Maternal contribution to placenta; Housing and nurturing developing offspring

    Cervix

    • Functions: Makes and secretes mucus, lubricating the vagina; expelling foreign material; Creating a cervical plug during pregnancy; Passageway for sperm and fetus; Prevents bacterial infection.

    Vagina

    • Functions: Copulatory organ; Site for urinating; Passageway for birthing; Mucosal epithelial cells change thickness and function with hormonal changes.

    Vulva

    • External Female Tract: Passageway for fetus/urine; Receives penis during copulation; Helps prevent microbial entry.

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    Related Documents

    Anatomy and Physiology of Female Reproductive Tract PDF

    Description

    Explore the anatomical structures and physiological functions of the female reproductive tract in this quiz. Topics include the ovaries, oviducts, uterus, cervix, vagin,a, and the role of follicles in reproductive health. Test your knowledge on the interconnected systems that contribute to female reproductive function.

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