Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the uterine tubes (fallopian tubes)?
What is the primary function of the uterine tubes (fallopian tubes)?
Which hormones are secreted by the ovaries?
Which hormones are secreted by the ovaries?
The corpus luteum is formed before ovulation.
The corpus luteum is formed before ovulation.
False
Name the three layers of the uterine wall.
Name the three layers of the uterine wall.
Signup and view all the answers
The ovaries are responsible for the production of male gametes.
The ovaries are responsible for the production of male gametes.
Signup and view all the answers
What are the two types of cells that surround the oocyte in ovarian follicles?
What are the two types of cells that surround the oocyte in ovarian follicles?
Signup and view all the answers
The ______ is the narrow neck that projects into the vagina.
The ______ is the narrow neck that projects into the vagina.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following uterine ligaments with their functions:
Match the following uterine ligaments with their functions:
Signup and view all the answers
The primary female reproductive organs are the __________.
The primary female reproductive organs are the __________.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the follicle types with their descriptions:
Match the follicle types with their descriptions:
Signup and view all the answers
What structure anchors the ovary medially to the uterus?
What structure anchors the ovary medially to the uterus?
Signup and view all the answers
The broad ligament contains both the suspensory ligament and the mesovarium.
The broad ligament contains both the suspensory ligament and the mesovarium.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the function of fimbriae in the uterine tubes?
What is the function of fimbriae in the uterine tubes?
Signup and view all the answers
The outermost layer of the uterine wall is known as the ______.
The outermost layer of the uterine wall is known as the ______.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary role of the Graafian follicle?
What is the primary role of the Graafian follicle?
Signup and view all the answers
There are several ligaments that hold the ovaries in place, including the ovarian, __________, and mesovarium.
There are several ligaments that hold the ovaries in place, including the ovarian, __________, and mesovarium.
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following terms describes the internal female reproductive structures?
Which of the following terms describes the internal female reproductive structures?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following structures is part of the vulva?
Which of the following structures is part of the vulva?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the three layers of the vaginal wall?
What are the three layers of the vaginal wall?
Signup and view all the answers
The clitoris is homologous to the ______.
The clitoris is homologous to the ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the external genital structures with their descriptions:
Match the external genital structures with their descriptions:
Signup and view all the answers
What is the vaginal fornix?
What is the vaginal fornix?
Signup and view all the answers
The greater vestibular glands are larger than the labia majora.
The greater vestibular glands are larger than the labia majora.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of the greater vestibular glands?
What is the primary function of the greater vestibular glands?
Signup and view all the answers
The mucosa near the vaginal orifice forms an incomplete partition known as the ______.
The mucosa near the vaginal orifice forms an incomplete partition known as the ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following best describes the labia minora?
Which of the following best describes the labia minora?
Signup and view all the answers
Which hormone is primarily secreted by the ovaries?
Which hormone is primarily secreted by the ovaries?
Signup and view all the answers
The ovaries are located laterally to the uterus.
The ovaries are located laterally to the uterus.
Signup and view all the answers
What type of blood vessels supply the ovaries?
What type of blood vessels supply the ovaries?
Signup and view all the answers
The ______ ligament anchors the ovary laterally to the pelvic wall.
The ______ ligament anchors the ovary laterally to the pelvic wall.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main function of the ovaries?
What is the main function of the ovaries?
Signup and view all the answers
Granulosa cells are present in all types of ovarian follicles.
Granulosa cells are present in all types of ovarian follicles.
Signup and view all the answers
The ______ contains the suspensory ligament and the mesovarium.
The ______ contains the suspensory ligament and the mesovarium.
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following structures are classified as internal genitalia?
Which of the following structures are classified as internal genitalia?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the term for the process of releasing an oocyte from the ovary?
What is the term for the process of releasing an oocyte from the ovary?
Signup and view all the answers
The corpus luteum is formed from a ruptured follicle after ovulation.
The corpus luteum is formed from a ruptured follicle after ovulation.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the name of the portion of the broad ligament that supports the uterus laterally?
What is the name of the portion of the broad ligament that supports the uterus laterally?
Signup and view all the answers
The ______ is the rounded region superior to the entrance of the uterine tubes.
The ______ is the rounded region superior to the entrance of the uterine tubes.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following uterine structures with their descriptions:
Match the following uterine structures with their descriptions:
Signup and view all the answers
Which layer of the uterine wall is responsible for its contractions during childbirth?
Which layer of the uterine wall is responsible for its contractions during childbirth?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the fingerlike projections at the end of the uterine tube called?
What are the fingerlike projections at the end of the uterine tube called?
Signup and view all the answers
The ______ canal is the cavity of the cervix.
The ______ canal is the cavity of the cervix.
Signup and view all the answers
Which ligament binds the anterior wall of the uterus to the labia majora?
Which ligament binds the anterior wall of the uterus to the labia majora?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the three layers of the vaginal wall?
What are the three layers of the vaginal wall?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the upper end of the vagina that surrounds the cervix called?
What is the upper end of the vagina that surrounds the cervix called?
Signup and view all the answers
The labia minora are homologous to the male scrotum.
The labia minora are homologous to the male scrotum.
Signup and view all the answers
The vaginal wall consists of an external ______, a middle smooth muscle layer, and an internal mucosa.
The vaginal wall consists of an external ______, a middle smooth muscle layer, and an internal mucosa.
Signup and view all the answers
Each follicle consists of an immature egg called an...
Each follicle consists of an immature egg called an...
Signup and view all the answers
What is the name of the fibrous capsule the surrounds the ovary?
What is the name of the fibrous capsule the surrounds the ovary?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function(s) of the vagina?
What is the primary function(s) of the vagina?
Signup and view all the answers
The exposed portion of the clitoris is called the
The exposed portion of the clitoris is called the
Signup and view all the answers
The ______ is a layer of connective tissue that surrounds the primary follicle in the ovarian follicles.
The ______ is a layer of connective tissue that surrounds the primary follicle in the ovarian follicles.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the infundibulum?
What is the infundibulum?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary site of fertilization?
What is the primary site of fertilization?
Signup and view all the answers
Where is the ampulla located?
Where is the ampulla located?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the uterus?
What is the uterus?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Female Reproductive Anatomy
- Ovaries are the primary female reproductive organs
- Produce ova (female gametes)
- Secrete estrogen and progesterone (female sex hormones)
- Accessory ducts include uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina
- Internal genitalia include ovaries and internal ducts
- External genitalia include external sex organs
The Ovaries
- Paired organs on each side of the uterus
- Held in place by several ligaments
- Ovarian ligament: anchors the ovary medially to the uterus
- Suspensory ligament: anchors the ovary laterally to the pelvic wall
- Mesovarium: suspends the ovary between layers of peritoneum
- Broad ligament: contains the suspensory ligament and mesovarium
- Blood supply: ovarian arteries and ovarian branch of the uterine artery
- Ovarian follicles are embedded in the ovary cortex
Follicles
-
Each follicle contains an immature egg called an oocyte
-
Cells surrounding the oocyte:
- Follicle cells (one cell layer thick)
- Granulosa cells (more than one layer present)
-
Stages of follicular development:
- Primordial follicle: one layer of squamous-like follicle cells surrounding the oocyte
- Primary follicle: two or more layers of cuboidal granulosa cells enclosing the oocyte
- Secondary follicle: fluid-filled space (antrum) between granulosa cells
- Graafian follicle: mature secondary follicle bulging from ovary surface
-
Ovulation: ejection of the oocyte from the ripening follicle
-
Corpus luteum: ruptured follicle after ovulation
Uterine Tubes (Fallopian Tubes) and Oviducts
- Receive the ovulated oocyte
- Provide a site for fertilization
- Empty into the superolateral region of the uterus via the isthmus
- Expand distally around the ovary to form the ampulla
- Ampulla ends in a funnel-shaped structure with finger-like projections called fimbriae
Uterus
- Hollow, thick-walled organ in the pelvis
- Anterior to the rectum and posterosuperior to the bladder
- Body: major portion of the uterus
- Fundus: rounded region superior to the entrance of the uterine tubes
- Isthmus: narrowed region between the body and cervix
- Cervix: narrow neck projecting into the vagina inferiorly
- Cervical canal: cavity of the cervix
Supports of the Uterus
- Mesometrium: portion of the broad ligament supporting the uterus laterally
- Lateral cervical ligaments: extend from the cervix and superior vagina to lateral pelvic walls
- Round ligaments: bind the anterior wall to the labia majora
Uterine Wall
- Composed of three layers:
- Perimetrium: outermost serous layer (visceral peritoneum)
- Myometrium: middle layer, interlacing smooth muscle
- Endometrium: mucosal lining of the uterine cavity; has uterine glands whose length changes with endometrial thickness
Vagina
- Thin-walled tube between the bladder and rectum
- Extends from the cervix to the exterior of the body
- Urethra embedded in the anterior wall
- Passageway for birth, menstrual flow, copulation
- Wall consists of three coats:
- Fibroelastic adventitia
- Smooth muscle muscularis
- Stratified squamous mucosa
- Mucosa near the vaginal orifice forms the hymen
- Vaginal fornix: upper end of vagina surrounding the cervix
External Genitalia: Vulva (Pudendum)
- Lies external to the vagina
- Includes labia, clitoris, and vestibular structures
- Labia majora: elongated, hair-covered, fatty folds homologous to male scrotum
- Labia minora: hair-free skin folds within labia majora, homologous to ventral penis
- Greater vestibular glands: pea-sized glands flanking the vagina, homologous to bulbourethral glands; keep vestibule moist and lubricated
- Clitoris: homologous to the penis, erectile tissue hooded by the prepuce, exposed portion called the glans
Ovarian Cycle (Diagram)
- Shows stages of follicle development with labeled features.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Test your knowledge on female reproductive anatomy, including the functions and structures of ovaries, follicles, and accessory ducts. This quiz covers important concepts related to female reproductive organs and their physiological roles.
